National Health Commission: 28,600 nurses rushed to the front line, accounting for 68% of the medical force.

  BEIJING, Feb. 29 (Xinhua) Guo Yanhong, inspector of the Medical Administration and Hospital Authority of the National Health and Wellness Commission, said on the 29th that since the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic, the majority of medical workers in the national medical and health system have rushed to the front line to fight against the epidemic, racing against time and fighting against the disease, and the country has sent 42,000 elite medical forces, of which 28,600 are nurses, accounting for 68% of the total number of medical teams.

  On the 29th, the joint prevention and control mechanism of the State Council held a press conference on COVID-19’s treatment and patients’ rehabilitation. Guo Yanhong pointed out that nurses played a very important role in the medical treatment of patients.

  She said that "three-point treatment and seven-point nursing" has nurses in both the shelter hospital, the isolation ward and the ICU where severe diseases are treated. Nurses take good care of COVID-19 patients, treat them carefully, observe their illness carefully, give them psychological support, and work with doctors to make positive contributions to promoting patients’ recovery and improving the cure rate.

  Guo Yanhong pointed out that the nurses used actions to interpret the lofty spirit of respecting life, saving lives, being willing to contribute, and loving without boundaries. They are also the most lovely people in the new era.

It’s called "immortal cancer"! Once diagnosed, be a lifelong companion! The incidence of this disease in China is on the rise …

Recent data show that the incidence of Crohn’s disease, known as "immortal cancer", is on the rise in China.

What symptoms?

Why are young people high?

Please slide down to see the doctor’s answer

What is Crohn’s disease?

Why did you choose such a name? Originated in 1932, a doctor named Crohn published a series of scientific research on "Crohn’s disease", and named it Crohn, which caused great repercussions in academic circles. Since then, the disease has entered people’s field of vision.

Crohn’s disease is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that affects the digestive tract and belongs to inflammatory bowel disease. Relevant data show that the incidence of this disease in China is also on the rise.

Ye Wei, director of the Department of Spleen and Stomach Diseases, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Province, introducedThe disease is more common in young adults, and the prevalence rate of men and women is similar. Most of the lesions are located in the terminal ileum and ascending colon, and can also occur in any part of the whole digestive tract. It may lead to various complications, such as intestinal obstruction, abscess, even perforation and massive bleeding.

At present, there is no cure for Crohn’s disease. Once diagnosed, it means that patients need to be with the disease for life, so Crohn’s disease is also called "immortal cancer". But most patients can control their condition through treatment.

 

Crohn’s disease

Five major symptoms

Be alert to Crohn’s disease if the following manifestations occur.

Abdominal pain:

The most common symptoms are mostly located in the right lower abdomen or around the umbilicus, showing intermittent attacks. If there is persistent abdominal pain and obvious tenderness, it suggests that inflammation spreads to peritoneum or forms an abscess in abdominal cavity.

Diarrhea:

Feces are mostly mushy, but there may be bloody stools. When the lesion involves the lower colon, anus and rectum, there may be symptoms of mucus and bloody stool, urgency in the interior and then heaviness.

Abdominal mass:

In some patients, due to intestinal wall or mesentery thickening, intestinal adhesion, mesenteric lymph node enlargement, internal fistula or local abscess formation, the mass can be palpated in the right lower abdomen of the patient, which is relatively fixed and tender.

Systemic manifestations:

Fever, weight loss and nutritional disorders. Fever is related to intestinal inflammatory activity and secondary infection; Nutritional disorders are caused by chronic diarrhea, loss of appetite and chronic consumption.

Parenteral manifestations:

Oral mucosal ulcer, erythema nodosum, arthritis and eye diseases are more common.

Can Crohn’s disease be prevented?

It is understood that the cause of Crohn’s disease is still unknown, and it is thought that it may be related to infection, heredity and immunity.

Dr. Ye said that mental stimulation, dietary factors and unsanitary habits may all induce the aggravation of the disease. "It is best to quit smoking and drinking in life. Relevant data prove that smoking is one of the risk factors of Crohn’s disease, which will also worsen the patient’s condition and increase complications. Alcohol has a very strong stimulating effect on the intestine, which will aggravate the symptoms of Crohn’s disease and reduce the body’s immunity. "

In addition, regular daily life, fasting cold and unclean food, proper physical exercise, paying attention to mental recuperation, maintaining peace of mind and being happy have certain effects on the prevention of Crohn’s disease.

 

Pick on young people

Crohn’s disease prefers to find young people, especially white-collar youth. "From the clinical incidence data, the onset age of Crohn’s disease is relatively early, the average age of patients is 15-25 years old, and the prevalence rate of men and women is similar." Chen Ning, deputy director and chief physician of the Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University People’s Hospital, said that from the historical origin, the incidence of this disease is different around the world, which is more common in western countries and regions with high developed level, and the first onset is more common in young people.

However, in the past 20 years, with the continuous improvement of economic development and living standards, a number of data show that the incidence of Crohn’s disease in China is rising rapidly, and the prevalence rate in rich areas, cities and white-collar workers is higher than that in poor, remote areas and manual workers. Among them, fast food, hamburgers and other westernized diets, smoking and unhealthy lifestyles are very obvious hazards to Crohn’s disease.

In addition to these factors, the onset of Crohn’s disease is also influenced by the interaction of many factors, such as heredity, environment, low gene and immune response, which makes it easy to relapse, with a long treatment cycle and relatively high treatment cost, which has a significant impact on patients’ life and economic situation, so it is also called "rich disease".

Can inflammatory bowel disease caused by Crohn’s disease be cured The current answer is: no! We can regard patients with Crohn’s disease as patients with chronic diseases such as coronary heart disease and diabetes, and recognize that treatment is a long-term and even lifelong process.

 

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Step 1: Search for the "Apply for Citizen Cloud" APP, enter the [Appointment Registration] service, or scan the QR code below.

Step 2: Search for the hospital you want to go to, or filter by conditions (by distance and hospital grade), and then click to enter the department page to select the target department.

Step 3: You can choose expert outpatient service, general outpatient service and special disease outpatient service. Here, we take the general outpatient service as an example, select the appropriate time period and click "Appointment".

Step 4: If you haven’t added the patient information before, please click "Fill in the patient" to enter the patient page, click Add the patient, and fill in the information as prompted.

Step 5: After filling in the information of the patient, please click "Submit" (you can choose the ID number or medical card to make an appointment) and enter the received mobile phone verification code.

The content and pictures of the article come from | Orange Persimmon Interactive (Reporter: Yu Qianqian) and Morning News. Please contact the original author for reprinting and authorization.

Original title: "Known as" Undead Cancer "! Once diagnosed, be a lifelong companion! The incidence of this disease in China is on the rise … "

Read the original text

In 2023, the whole people will be well-nourished: reasonable diet and balanced eating.

  Chen Junfei, Jiangsu Institute of Sports Science

  May 15 -21, 2023 (the third week of May) is the 9th National Nutrition Week. The theme of this year is that reasonable diet and food support are good doctors. Meanwhile, May 20th is the 34th "May 20th" China Student Nutrition Day. Reasonable diet and moderate exercise are one of the four cornerstones of health proposed by the World Health Organization.

  First, life lies in exercise, which promotes health.

  Moderate exercise is one of the core elements to promote good health. Long-term physical exercise can not only enhance resistance, but also improve physical fitness and function, relieve stress and adjust mental state, which will bring long-term benefits to physical and mental health.

  Knowledge points: How much physical activity should children and adolescents do every day?

  According to the Physical Activity Guide for Children and Adolescents in China, it is suggested that children aged 2-5 should spend 3 hours in physical activity every day and at least 2 hours in outdoor activities every day, in which the accumulated physical activity time of moderate and above intensity is not less than 1 hour. Children and adolescents aged 6-17 have accumulated at least one hour of moderate and high-intensity physical activity every day, including at least three days of high-intensity physical activity and resistance activities to enhance muscle strength and bone health. More physical activity will bring greater health benefits.

  Second, reasonable diet, scientific food support

  For children and adolescents, it is characterized by vigorous metabolism, which consumes a lot of energy for growth and development. At the same time, in the case of daily physical activity, it is necessary to supplement enough carbohydrates, protein and various trace elements (such as calcium, iron and zinc) every day. Therefore, we should pay more attention to the balance of nutrition, develop and establish reasonable dietary habits, and master the knowledge and skills of nutrition and health.

  The food is diverse to meet the needs of growth and development.

  Children and adolescents are at an important stage of growth and development, so we should ensure three meals a day, regular and quantitative diet, and adequate intake of energy and nutrients. To achieve a variety of foods, each meal should include three or more types of foods such as cereals, fruits and vegetables, livestock and poultry, eggs, milk and soybeans; There are more than 12 kinds of food every day and more than 25 kinds every week.

  Children aged 2-5 should have three meals and two extra meals every day; Choose foods with high nutrient density or add meals, such as milk, fruits, eggs and nuts, with a small amount of soft pastry; Drink 350~500ml of milk and 600~800ml of water every day.

  Children and adolescents aged 6 ~ 17 should arrange three meals reasonably and eat breakfast well; You should consume more than 300ml of liquid milk or a considerable amount of dairy products every day.

  Scientific food and nutrition, knowing how to read and choose wisely

  Learn to know food, understand the nutritional characteristics of food, learn to read food labels, and choose food that suits you; Know the common edible and medicinal substances around you, combine your own situation, reasonably match your daily diet, keep adequate intake of fruits and vegetables, and eat less foods with high fat content and high calories. Develop good eating habits and be the first person responsible for your health.

  Knowledge point: nutrition label

  Nutrition label is the "nutrition composition table" on the food label. Each prepackaged foods nutritional composition table must indicate five basic nutritional data — — The contents of energy, protein, fat, carbohydrate and sodium, and the ratio of these contents to the daily reference value (NRV). Knowing this information is helpful to understand the nutritional composition and characteristics of food.

  Protein, fat and carbohydrate are productive nutrients. Too little intake can cause malnutrition and affect the growth and health of children and adolescents, while too much intake can lead to obesity and chronic diseases.

  China is a country with high sodium diet, and sodium ion intake affects the occurrence of hypertension and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Therefore, pay attention to the sodium content in the label.

  Adequate intake: vitamins, minerals, dietary fiber. Try to achieve 100%NRV daily intake.

  Need to limit intake: saturated fat, sodium, added sugar. The daily intake should be less than 100%NRV.

  Third, eat dynamic balance to maintain a healthy weight.

  Weight is an objective index to reflect the dietary status and human health evaluation in a period of time.

  Eat dynamic balance to control overweight and obesity

  The results of students’ physical fitness survey show that the overweight and obesity rate of primary and secondary school students is increasing, and overweight and obesity in adolescence are related to non-communicable diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases in adulthood.

  For overweight and obese people, energy intake should be controlled to reduce weight, and the energy intake can be reduced by 300~500kcal per day. Reduce the use of sugary drinks and limit the intake of fat.

  In addition, physical activity can consume energy, resistance exercise helps to increase muscle mass, and exercise can also improve the insulin sensitivity of skeletal muscle cells and improve insulin resistance caused by overweight or obesity. Moderate intensity sports include brisk walking, cycling, table tennis, badminton, jogging and swimming. If there is no taboo, it is best to do resistance exercises 2 ~ 3 times a week, such as dumbbells, push-ups, equipment exercises, etc., to improve muscle strength and endurance. It is suggested that overweight and obese people lose 1 ~ 2 kg per month and 5% ~ 10% in 3 ~ 6 months.

  Appropriate energy to avoid growth retardation.

  Growth retardation means that the height is lower than the standard reference value of normal height of the same age and sex, which reflects the long-term dietary nutrition imbalance and is a type of malnutrition. According to the Report on Nutrition and Chronic Diseases of China Residents (2020), the growth retardation rate of children under 6 years old is 4.8%, and that of children and adolescents aged 6-17 years old is 1.7%.

  For the group with growth retardation, under the guidance of nutrition instructors, the ideal weight should be achieved and maintained by increasing the supply of dietary energy and protein, combined with resistance exercise.

  The growth retardation of children and adolescents caused by non-disease causes often involves picky eaters, partial eclipse and other reasons. In the daily catering process, attention should be paid to the exchange of similar foods to enrich food varieties, such as replacing rice or noodles with coarse cereals or potatoes, avoiding eating one staple food for a long time, exchanging livestock meat with poultry meat, fish with shrimp, and exchanging various eggs. And pay attention to the color and variety of vegetables.

  For children and adolescents with growth retardation, lean meat, aquatic products, poultry, eggs, soybeans and other foods rich in high-quality protein should be appropriately increased on the basis of balanced diet. Eat foods rich in calcium such as milk and dairy products every day, and pay attention to supplementing foods rich in vitamin D. Vitamin D can be supplemented under the guidance of doctors or nutrition instructors. Eat plenty of fresh vegetables and fruits. At the same time, foods rich in iron, such as animal liver and blood, can be supplemented with iron under the guidance of doctors or nutrition instructors to prevent and correct iron deficiency anemia. In addition, the daily diet should also meet the body’s demand for micronutrients such as zinc, iodine, vitamin A, vitamin B12, folic acid and vitamin C.

  Take enough vitamins and minerals.

  Children and adolescents are at the peak of growth and development, and they have a high demand for various nutrients. At the same time, physical activity will increase the demand for vitamins and minerals. Therefore, it is necessary to take enough vitamins and minerals. For example, when there is growth pain, calcium and vitamin D should be supplemented in sufficient amount to promote the growth of height; When anemia occurs, food intake rich in iron and vitamin C should be strengthened.

Good news! It is no longer necessary to test foreign language papers for evaluating professional titles, and it is no longer a hard lever

  BEIJING, Beijing, January 9 (Reporter Li Jinlei) The professional title system has ushered in great changes. The General Offices of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council issued the Opinions on Deepening the Reform of Professional Title System on the 8th, demanding to overcome the tendency of "only academic qualifications, only qualifications and only papers".

  According to the opinion, the evaluation title will change greatly in the future: posts with low requirements for foreign languages and computers do not need to take foreign languages and computers; Thesis is no longer a "hard lever", and teaching plans, medical records and other achievements can also be replaced; All professional titles are set to senior, and primary school teachers can also evaluate "professors"; The "one-vote veto system" for academic fraud will be implemented, and all titles obtained through fraud will be revoked.

  Foreign languages and computers are no longer unified.

  — —

  Obviously, the job requirements for foreign languages are not high, or even irrelevant to foreign languages, but if you fail the foreign language examination, you will not be able to evaluate your professional title. This criticized phenomenon will be changed.

  The opinion puts forward that there is no uniform requirement for the professional title foreign language and computer application ability examination. If it is really necessary to evaluate the level of foreign languages and computers, the employer or the evaluation institution shall independently determine the evaluation conditions.

  At the same time, professional and technical personnel working in hard and remote areas and at the grassroots level, as well as professional title series and posts with low requirements for foreign languages and computer skills, are not required to have professional titles in foreign languages and computer application ability.

  That is to say, in the future, jobs with low requirements for foreign languages and computers can be exempted from taking foreign languages and computers.

  The reporter of Zhongxin. com noticed that many places have issued notices at present, and the foreign language level is no longer linked to the professional title evaluation. For example, the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Human Resources and Social Security recently issued the "Notice on Issues Related to Beijing Professional Title Foreign Language and Computer Application Ability Examination", clarifying that from January 1, 2017, the professional title foreign language level examination and computer application ability examination will not be used as the necessary conditions for applying for professional title evaluation.

  Thesis is no longer a "hard lever"

  — — Results such as lesson plans and medical records can also be substituted.

  The tendency of "only papers" will also be corrected. The opinion requires that the conditions of papers and scientific research achievements in the evaluation of professional titles should be set reasonably, and papers should not be used as restrictive conditions for evaluating applied talents.

  At the same time, the professional and technical personnel who work in hard and remote areas and at the grassroots level should be diluted or not required to make papers; For the series of professional titles with strong practicality and operability and unclear research attributes, no paper requirements are required.

  In addition, explore the patent achievements, project reports, work summaries, engineering plans, design documents, teaching plans, medical records and other results to replace the paper requirements; Carry out the representative work system, focus on the research results and the quality of creative works, and dilute the number of papers.

  For a long time, publishing papers has been a pain for many professional and technical personnel. In reality, it is difficult for doctors with excellent medical skills and teachers with strong teaching ability to break through the "hard lever" of "not publishing papers and evaluating titles". This also breeds chaos and industry interest chains such as paper fraud and plagiarism, spending money to send papers.

  In the opinion of experts, papers are no longer a rigid requirement for evaluating professional titles, so that people can have more time to concentrate on their jobs instead of trying to distribute papers. Instead of papers, teaching plans, medical records and other forms of results are more in line with the law of talent evaluation. With the implementation of measures, the chaos in related industries is also expected to be improved.

  All title series are set to positive advanced level.

  — — Primary school teachers can also evaluate "professors"

  In terms of title series, the opinion proposes to continue to use the title series in the fields of engineering, health, agriculture, economy, accounting, statistics, translation, press and publication, radio and television, art, teachers, scientific research, etc., cancel individual title series that are not suitable for economic and social development, and integrate title series with similar professional attributes.

  Among them, each title series is provided with junior, intermediate and senior titles, in which senior titles are divided into senior and deputy senior titles, and junior titles are divided into assistant and clerk grades, and only assistant grades can be set according to needs. At present, the title series without positive and senior titles are all set to positive and senior titles.

  Previously, accounting, primary and secondary school teachers and other professional title series did not have full and senior titles. After the reform, it will break through the "ceiling" of these people’s careers and greatly expand the career development space of professionals. It is also possible for primary school teachers to be rated as "professors" in primary schools.

  Implement the "one-vote veto system" for academic fraud

  — — The title obtained by fraud will be revoked.

  The opinion puts forward that moral character should be put in the first place in the evaluation of professional and technical personnel, and the professional ethics of professional and technical personnel should be emphatically investigated.

  At the same time, we will improve the disciplinary mechanism of good faith commitment and dishonesty, implement the "one-vote veto system" for academic fraud, and revoke all titles obtained through fraud, black-box operation and other violations.

  Previously, under the tendency of "only papers", academic fraud and other phenomena emerged one after another. Last year, there were media reports that a large number of papers by Dr. China were suspected of plagiarism or ghostwriting in Brazilian academic journals.

  It can be expected that with the paper no longer being a rigid requirement for evaluating professional titles and the implementation of the "one-vote veto system" for academic fraud, the practice of fraud in order to obtain professional titles will be greatly reduced. (End)

Can I continue to drink milk? Experts answer your questions.

  Figure/vision china

  Cover of colostrum basic protein CBP and bone health

  □ Xue Qingxin

  "A glass of milk every day makes Chinese strong" is a classic milk slogan that many people are very familiar with. Drinking milk often is good for health. All along, China has been vigorously promoting the benefits of drinking milk. I hope everyone can drink milk every day.

  Not long ago, the 2022 edition of Dietary Guidelines for Residents in China was published. Compared with the 2016 edition of Dietary Guidelines for Residents in China, the new guidelines put special emphasis on milk intake. The original version recommended that the intake of milk and dairy products be 300g/day, but the recommended amount in the 2022 version has been increased to 300g-500g/day.

  This change further confirms the importance of drinking milk, and also reflects the importance China attaches to drinking milk.

  Even so, there will still be many different voices on drinking milk, and there are even people who strongly oppose drinking milk.

  But there are still many misunderstandings about milk.

  answer questions

  Drinking milk has hormones, and drinking it often can lead to precocious puberty? Not really!

  There are two sources of estrogen in milk: one is the natural estrogen contained in milk itself, which comes from the natural secretion of dairy cows during milk production; The other is artificially added estrogen, which is mainly used for infertility and cow disease treatment. Among them, the content of natural estrogen in milk is very low, which is not harmful to human body, and many common natural foods contain estrogen or estrogen-like, such as meat and bean products, and even breast milk contains estrogen, which is often higher than milk. The artificially added estrogen will of course be restricted by the state. China’s "Regulations on the Administration of Veterinary Drugs" clearly stipulates estrogen drugs, and related drugs may not be detected in animal foods. Therefore, as long as it is milk purchased by regular manufacturers, you don’t have to worry too much about estrogen.

  In addition, there is no evidence that drinking milk will lead to precocious puberty or damage children’s health. On the contrary, many studies show that the intake of milk and its products can increase the bone density of children, adolescents and postmenopausal women, which is beneficial to the growth and development of children.

  Adults drinking milk will not cause cancer. Studies have shown that milk and its products have nothing to do with the risks of breast cancer and prostate cancer. And drinking milk often may also reduce the risk of breast cancer by 16%, and drinking 200 grams of dairy products every day can reduce the risk of colon cancer by 7%.

  Therefore, on the whole, as long as it is milk produced by regular manufacturers, you don’t have to worry about cancer, so drink it with confidence.

  Milk and citrus fruits are the same? Rest assured to eat!

  There are rumors among the people that milk and citrus fruits are alike and cannot be eaten together, because milk will denature and precipitate after encountering citric acid in oranges, which will lead to stones.

  The truth is that when milk meets citrus fruits, precipitation may indeed occur. This is because the organic acid in the fruit breaks the acid-base balance. When the pH value just reaches the isoelectric point of protein, protein particles in milk are easily collided and condensed because of the weakened intermolecular force, and thus flocculent precipitation will occur. But these deposits are also edible, and many cheeses are produced in this way.

  Even if you don’t eat it with fruit, milk will precipitate and solidify after encountering stomach acid. Therefore, milk and citrus fruits can be safely eaten together, without poisoning or stones.

  Lactose intolerance: Do you want to quit milk? Actually, no!

  Lactose intolerance is very common in China. Lactase that decomposes lactose is lacking in the intestines of these people, and discomfort will occur after drinking milk, such as abdominal distension, abdominal pain and diarrhea. But even if there is lactose intolerance, it does not mean that it is necessary to quit milk.

  It is recommended to try the following four methods:

  ① Drink yogurt: During the fermentation of yogurt, lactose will be decomposed by microorganisms to produce lactic acid, which will reduce the lactose content and relieve the symptoms of lactose intolerance. Another study shows that increasing the intake of yogurt can improve the symptoms of lactose intolerance.

  ② Drink 0 lactose or low lactose milk: It is very suitable for lactose intolerant people to drink by using special technology to hydrolyze lactose in milk.

  ③ People who are only slightly lactose intolerant can try to improve lactose tolerance: drink 60-120g pure milk 2-3 times a day for 3 weeks after each meal, and gradually induce the intestine to enhance lactose tolerance.

  ④ Low-salt cheese: According to protein ratio, 10 grams of cheese is equivalent to 100 grams of milk.

  Is the milk with long shelf life because of preservatives? fault

  Many milk on the market has a shelf life of up to 6 months, so some people think that it is secretly added with preservatives.

  In fact, there is no need to add preservatives to milk, and the shelf life depends on the sterilization method of milk.

  The shelf life of pasteurized milk is generally short, usually 7 days, and it needs to be stored in cold storage; However, milk sterilized at ultra-high temperature instantly kills almost all microorganisms and bacteria during sterilization, so it can still be preserved for a long time without preservatives, generally up to 6 months, and can be stored at room temperature.

  Now there are many transparent packaging bags of milk on the market, the price is relatively high, which can directly see the true color of milk and give people a very fresh feeling. Many consumers also prefer to buy this kind of milk, thinking it is more nutritious and more comfortable to drink. In fact, transparent packaging bags do not mean that milk is fresher and more nutritious. Vitamin B2 in milk is a photosensitive substance, which is unstable under light. However, milk in transparent packaging bags is often directly exposed to sunlight and light, which may increase the loss of vitamin B2 in milk.

  However, opaque milk packaging can be stored away from light, which can better preserve the nutrition in milk.

  remove a doubt

  Continue to drink milk. Is a kilo a day enough?

  Most people in our country don’t drink enough recommended milk.

  According to the Scientific Research Report on Dietary Guidelines for Residents in China 2021, in 2015, the per capita milk intake in Chinese cities only reached 14% of the recommended amount in the 2016 edition of Dietary Guidelines, and it will be lower in rural areas. In other words, most people in China don’t drink enough milk. Milk is a good source of calcium supplement. If milk intake is insufficient for a long time, it may increase the risk of calcium deficiency.

  Milk can not only supplement calcium, but also provide high-quality protein and vitamin B2. Lactose in milk can also promote the absorption of minerals such as calcium, iron and zinc.

  The recommended milk intake in the 2022 edition of Dietary Guidelines for China Residents has increased to 300 -500 grams per day — — A kilo (500g) of milk a day is actually necessary. For special people with high calcium demand, it is still difficult to make up enough calcium even if they insist on drinking 300 grams of milk every day. For example, teenagers, women in the second and third trimester of pregnancy, nursing mothers and people over 50 can only supplement 321 mg of calcium if they drink 300 g of milk every day, which means they need to take 500 mg -900 mg of calcium from other foods.

  In addition to milk, green leafy vegetables and bean products are also sources of calcium supplementation, but influenced by phytic acid and oxalic acid, the absorption rate is mostly not as good as that of milk. For example, the calcium absorption rate of tofu is only 15%; The calcium content of celery is 191 mg /100 g higher than that of milk, but the oxalic acid content is as high as 231 mg /100 g, the available calcium is only 79 mg /100 g, the leek calcium content is 105 mg /100 g, the oxalic acid content is as high as 162 mg /100 g, and the available calcium is only 34 mg /100 g. (Editor’s Note: Phytic acid can produce insoluble compounds with metal ions such as calcium, iron, magnesium and zinc; Oxalic acid can reduce the bioavailability of mineral elements, and it is easy to form calcium oxalate with calcium ions in human body, leading to kidney calculi).

  I really don’t like drinking milk. How can I supplement my nutrition?

  There are some people who just don’t like the taste of milk or are allergic to dairy products, so they really can’t drink milk to supplement calcium. There are also some friends who are always suspicious of milk and are unwilling to drink it. So how can these people get enough calcium?

  For people who don’t like the taste of milk, milk and fruit can be made into milkshakes, such as strawberry milkshakes, banana milkshakes, mango milkshakes, etc., and the taste is mostly acceptable; You can also make custard and steamed bread with milk or milk powder; Yogurt and cheese are also good choices. According to protein ratio, 12.5 grams of milk powder is equivalent to 100 grams of milk.

  For people who are allergic to milk, they can’t eat any dairy products, and they often worry about insufficient calcium intake. It is suggested to choose vegetables with high calcium content, such as rape, Chinese cabbage, radish tassel, fennel and coriander, while vegetables with high oxalic acid, such as spinach, amaranth, water spinach and celery, can be blanched before eating. Eat 300 -500 grams of vegetables every day, and the cooked vegetables are about 100 grams in size.

  Bean products are recommended to eat at least 50 grams of soybeans, such as two fist-sized tofu or four pieces of dried tofu or 1.5 fist-sized shredded tofu.

  In addition, calcium can also be supplemented appropriately. It is recommended to choose a small dose, preferably 100 -300 mg of calcium per tablet, which can be supplemented flexibly.

  If you drink milk, you will get acne. What should I do?

  Many friends actually like to drink milk, but it is helpless that when they drink milk, their faces will explode. This situation may be due to food intolerance to milk. Casein in milk can promote the secretion of insulin and IGF-1, leading to acne.

  In particular, skim milk may be more serious than whole milk, so it is also mentioned in the China Acne Treatment Guide (2019 Revision) that if you have acne, you should pay special attention to limiting the intake of skim milk, and you can try sugar-free yogurt and low-salt cheese.

  Some people also like to use milk as a mask, thinking that drinking milk and smearing milk can whiten the skin. In fact, this statement is unfounded. Black people also drink milk, and their skin color is still black.

  The main ingredients of milk are water, protein, fat, calcium, etc. These ingredients have no special effect on whitening, even if you wash your face with milk every day, it will not whiten.

  Skin color is closely related to genetic factors and environmental factors, and it cannot be changed by eating any kind of food. Drinking milk is recommended, but don’t expect whitening; As for washing your face with milk, don’t waste it again.

  summary

  From the point of view of calcium supplementation and disease prevention, it is necessary to have 300 -500 grams of milk every day. If you especially like to drink milk and drink more than 500 grams a day, then it is more recommended to choose low-fat milk, or reduce the intake of other oils in moderation, and avoid the total energy exceeding the standard.

  (Source: "Science Rumors" WeChat official account)

  interlinkage

  Interview with Lou Wenyong, Professor of South China University of Technology;

  If you want to supplement calcium, besides drinking milk, you should also supplement CBP.

  Text/Yangcheng Evening News reporter Sun Lei

  South China University of Technology Press timely published a popular science book "Basic Protein CBP in Colostrum and Bone Health", which was co-edited by Professor Lou Wenyong of South China University of Technology, Dr. Zeng Yingjie of Southwest University for Nationalities and popular science author Li Daiwei.

  The book emphasizes that a colostrum basic protein (CBP) can directly act on bone cells, promote osteoblast proliferation, and greatly enhance the absorption and utilization of calcium. Combining with calcium, it can effectively increase human bone density and bone length of children and adolescents.

  CBP is made from bovine colostrum through sterilization, degreasing, centrifugal separation, ultrafiltration and other processes. Scientific research shows that CBP is an active protein with a molecular weight of only 30 kDa, which can directly act on bone cells, promote the proliferation of osteoblasts and greatly enhance the absorption and utilization of calcium. Therefore, CBP can inject new energy into bone health, and this mechanism is also called "CBP bone energy".

  It is reported that in August 2021, the College of Food Science and Engineering of South China University of Technology and Peizhi Health Center organized a "90-day CBP Bone Energy Experience Program", in which 31 subjects including faculty and staff of South China University of Technology participated in the test. The test and statistical results show that about 90% of the subjects’ bone mass has been improved or maintained in good condition, and the remarkable effect accounts for about 65%.

  Speaking of the legend that "milk contains hormones, which are harmful to health for adults and precocious puberty for children", Lou Wenyong also said that this statement exaggerated the influence of hormones in milk on people. "Growth hormone is a kind of protein secreted by animals’ brains. Almost all animal milk contains a small amount of hormones to promote the growth of animals. Undoubtedly, as long as it is milk squeezed by healthy cows, its hormones are very low and meet safety standards, so don’t worry too much. " He said that milk is rich in nutrients such as calcium, vitamins, protein and trace amounts of bone growth factors CBP, lactoferrin, immunoglobulin, etc. It is self-evident that drinking milk for a long time is beneficial to health. "Humans have been drinking milk for thousands of years. Facts have proved that children who drink milk for a long time are generally taller than children who don’t drink milk. Adults who insist on drinking milk are also healthier. That’s why ‘ A glass of milk a day makes a nation strong ’ The statement. "

  But he also stressed that it is impossible to effectively supplement CBP by drinking milk alone. He said that the content of CBP in ordinary milk is only 0.15% (0.015‰ ), the content in bovine colostrum is only four ten thousandths (0.4‰ ), the content is extremely low, very rare. Therefore, it is necessary to extract CBP from milk and bovine colostrum and add it to related products to realize an efficient and rapid CBP supplement method. At present, CBP can be added to nutritious food alone, and it can also be combined with other nutrients to play a better role. For example, the DKC gold combined bone energy composed of CBP, vitamin D and vitamin K2, or immunoglobulin IgG, intelligent nutrition phosphatidylserine PS, etc.

  In addition, Lou Wenyong also suggested that developing good living habits, such as eating more foods with high calcium content, ensuring adequate sleep, getting more sunshine, and appropriately increasing exercise load, will make the effect of CBP on improving bone health more obvious.

Singing a song in the new era "Singing the motherland, one song, one city" Changchun’s work "Commitment" is on the line.

  "Why, your tears are shining, it’s because you are deeply in love, the cloud understands you, and the promise you made makes that a touch of red, and the land is scattered." On the evening of October 27th, 9 Video, which was broadcast by CCTV Record Channel at 19:02 in the evening prime time, showed the music story "Commitment" of Changchun, Jilin Province, which was selected by the large-scale all-media activity "Singing the Motherland, One Song, One City". It took the character records of famous Chinese scientists as the window, reflected the great changes of the times and showed the development and growth of China’s scientific and technological innovation.

one

  Expressing the city story with music and singing the theme of serving the country with science and technology

  A song can sing about a city’s past and future, and it can also sing about the feelings that we are used to but can’t capture.

  The creative team of music story works said: The reason for choosing the song "Commitment" to represent Changchun is simple — — Changchun, the cradle of new China automobile production and new China film industry, is a well-known science and technology city. We try to pursue a question through the lens. Why do countless scientific and technological workers regard Changchun as their second hometown? What is the power that makes generations of scientific and technological workers dedicate their lives here? Until we entered the story of Professor Huang Danian and heard the song "Commitment", everyone seemed to have an answer in their hearts, because this land made a promise to the motherland.

2

  The music story "Commitment" is based on the struggle stories of Huang Danian, Jiang Zhuying, Wang Daheng and other scientists in Changchun. It combines the song "Commitment" with narrative content, and tells the story of generations of scientists who have made one commitment after another in Baishan Blackwater for the construction of the motherland for half a century.

three

  "A leaf falls, and the season is brilliant. In the melancholy frost, it lights up loneliness, and the wind picks it up. Years and fragrance float in the paper, and your outline is clear." Young students visited along the song, looking for the story behind the song. The music story works also go deep into Changchun life from the first perspective of Xie Nuoya, a freshman of grade 2019 in the College of Earth Exploration Science and Technology of Jilin University, and through the narration of song creators such as Yu Shan, songwriter Wang Bei and singer Ao Riqi Leng, lead the audience to approach the witnesses, witnesses and participants in the 70-year history of scientific and technological development in New China, and explore the stories behind the music.

four

  The story evokes specific memories, and the spirit of patriotic struggle reaches the soul.

  The unique flavor of Changchun is engraved in the bones. It is a university city, an automobile city, a sculpture city and a famous city of science, education and culture. Changchun’s urban story, urban spirit and urban dream have all become the focus of this music story. "Changchun is a science and technology city. There is no hustle and bustle in the north, Guangzhou and Shenzhen, and there are no superior conditions overseas. But it is precisely here that let our generations of science and technology workers forget their hard work, and the feelings of serving the country through science and technology continue." Yu Shan, the lyricist of Commitment, said in the film.

five

  Time flies and the times are changing. The only constant is that there are always people with lofty ideals who are willing to do their best for the country, and there are always those who are willing to carry forward the burden for the nation. From Wang Daheng, Jiang Zhuying to Huang Danian, different times, the same dedication. In Changchun, a famous city of science, education and culture, generations of scientists have made solemn promises for the construction of the motherland.

six

  It is no accident that generations of scientific and technological workers have taken root in Changchun and Jilin. Their indifferent temperament of fame and fortune is closely related to the spirit of the city of "tolerance and self-improvement", and the spirit of serving the country through science and technology has been passed down from generation to generation, making Changchun’s scientific research in optics, precision instruments, polymer materials, biological products, superconductivity and automobiles at the leading level in China, and making China’s development vision in related fields look farther, more accurate and clearer.

seven

  "Singing the Motherland, One Song, One City" is a large-scale all-media activity jointly sponsored by the State Administration of Radio and Television and the Central Radio and Television General Station, and jointly undertaken by CCTV, Love Media and IPTV sub-platforms around the country. As the sender of the music story "Commitment", China IPTV Jilin Sub-platform — — Zhang Wang, Chairman and General Manager of Jilin Radio and Television New Media Co., Ltd. said: "Singing the Motherland • "One Song, One City" activity is an innovative practice of IPTV general and sub-platforms to create original content brands, which will effectively enhance the influence and communication power of IPTV platform. "One Song, One City" shows not only a city’s folk customs, humanistic feelings and creative stories behind songs, but also the voice of an era, which is a brilliant achievement since the founding of New China 70 years ago.

  At 19:02 tonight, the 9 Video column of CCTV Record Channel will show the music story "I’ve come to Xiong ‘an", sing the hard-working song of builders in the new era and new area, and express people’s infinite yearning for the "city of the future", which is worth looking forward to!

Shan Chongxin, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference: Implementing popular science education and strengthening the popularization of innovative resources in colleges and univers

  This year’s government work report pointed out that "science popularization is widely carried out. Cultivate innovative culture, carry forward the spirit of scientists, and cultivate a good style of study. "

  "Popular science plays an important role in helping the public to establish a scientific world outlook and methodology, improving the public’s scientific literacy and scientific judgment ability, and promoting social progress and sustainable development." On March 6th, Shan Chongxin, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and vice president of Zhengzhou University, had a clear understanding of the importance of popular science in an interview.

Shan Chongxin, member of Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference: Implementing popular science education and strengthening the popularization of innovative resources in colleges and universities

  In recent years, Shan Chongxin spends a lot of time on popular science every year besides teaching and scientific research. He led the team to hold an open day for popular science in Zhengzhou University every year, which attracted tens of thousands of primary and secondary school students and their parents. He also actively organized teachers and students of the school to go to remote areas to carry out popular science propaganda and teaching activities.

  In 2016, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out in his speech at the "Three Sessions of Science and Technology" that scientific and technological innovation and scientific popularization are the two wings to realize innovation and development, and scientific popularization should be placed in the same important position as scientific and technological innovation.

  In Shan Chongxin’s view, compared with the wing of "scientific and technological innovation", there are still obvious shortcomings in China’s popular science work, which are highlighted by the lack of enthusiasm and initiative of scientific and technological personnel in colleges and universities to participate in popular science. A large number of scientific and technological innovation resources in colleges and universities have not played a role in promoting scientific spirit, spreading scientific ideas and advocating scientific methods. To this end, he will focus on this topic at the National People’s Congress this year.

  "It is suggested that college teachers should be encouraged to actively participate in popular science work and guide young people to establish the ideal of scientific and technological innovation from an early age." Shan Chongxin said that it is the duty of science and technology educators to carry out popular science work. Teachers and students in colleges and universities should be encouraged to form popular science propaganda groups to regularly show or preach popular science in remote areas, so as to guide more young people to establish the ideal of serving the country through science and technology and plant "seeds" for their future.

  Shan Chongxin also said that organizing college students to go to remote areas for activities such as scientific research achievements display or popular science teaching can not only cultivate students’ innovative motivation, but also provide a broad stage for college students to display their talents, play their roles and experience growth, which is helpful to cultivate students’ scientific spirit and sense of social responsibility and contribute to social progress and development.

  There are physical places such as library, school history museum and laboratory, human resources such as university professors, doctors, masters and college students, and scientific and technological conditions such as scientific research achievements and scientific research projects. Shan Chongxin told reporters that these are "scarce resources" for primary and secondary school students, especially those in remote areas. "I suggest that the university hold several open days every year to attract the public to know about the school, to stimulate the’ curiosity’ of young people, especially those in remote areas, to guide more young people to study hard with the power of example and to change their destiny through knowledge." Shan Chongxin said. (Reporter Yang Liu)

National Bureau of Statistics: From January to February 2023, the added value of industrial enterprises above designated size increased by 2.4%.

  CCTV News:According to the website of the National Bureau of Statistics, 1-mdash; In February, the added value of industrial enterprises above designated size actually increased by 2.4% year-on-year. From the ring comparison, in February, the added value of industrial enterprises above designated size increased by 0.12% compared with the previous month.

  Divided into three categories, 1-mdash; In February, the added value of the mining industry increased by 4.7% year-on-year, the manufacturing industry increased by 2.1%, and the electricity, heat, gas and water production and supply industries increased by 2.4%.

  By economic type, 1-mdash; In February, the added value of state-owned holding enterprises increased by 2.7% year-on-year; Joint-stock enterprises increased by 4.3%, while foreign and Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan invested enterprises decreased by 5.2%; Private enterprises increased by 2.0%.

  By industry, 1-mdash; In February, the added value of 22 of the 41 major industries maintained a year-on-year growth. Among them, coal mining and washing industry increased by 5.0%, oil and natural gas mining industry increased by 4.2%, agricultural and sideline food processing industry increased by 0.3%, wine, beverage and refined tea manufacturing industry decreased by 0.3%, textile industry decreased by 3.5%, chemical raw materials and chemical products manufacturing industry increased by 7.8%, nonmetallic mineral products industry increased by 0.7%, ferrous metal smelting and calendering industry increased by 5.9%, and nonferrous metal smelting and calendering industry increased by 6.7%. General equipment manufacturing decreased by 1.3%, special equipment manufacturing increased by 3.9%, automobile manufacturing decreased by 1.0%, railway, ship, aerospace and other transportation equipment manufacturing increased by 9.7%, electrical machinery and equipment manufacturing increased by 13.9%, computer, communication and other electronic equipment manufacturing decreased by 2.6%, and power and heat production and supply industries increased by 2.3%.

  By product, 1— In February, the output of 269 products out of 620 products increased year-on-year. 206.23 million tons of steel, up 3.6% year-on-year; 198.55 million tons of cement, down by 0.6%; Ten kinds of nonferrous metals reached 11.92 million tons, an increase of 9.8%; 5.08 million tons of ethylene, down 1.7%; There were 3.653 million vehicles, down by 14.0%, including 970,000 new energy vehicles, up by 16.3%; Power generation was 1,349.7 billion kWh, an increase of 0.7%; The processing volume of crude oil was 116.07 million tons, an increase of 3.3%.

  1— In February, the product sales rate of industrial enterprises was 95.8%, down 1.7 percentage points year-on-year; Export delivery value of industrial enterprises reached 2,161.4 billion yuan, a nominal decrease of 4.9% year on year.

Interpretation of "Notice of Sichuan Provincial People’s Government on Printing and Distributing Some Provisions on Further Regulating the Supervision and Implementation of Government Procurement"

Notice of the people’s Government of Sichuan Province on printing and distributing some provisions on further standardizing the supervision and implementation of government procurement


Suppliers participate in government procurement bidding

  On April 26th, the People’s Government of Sichuan Province officially promulgated and implemented "Several Provisions of Sichuan Province on Further Standardizing Supervision and Implementation of Government Procurement" (hereinafter referred to as "Several Provisions"), which deepened the reform of government procurement system in Sichuan Province from three aspects and sixteen measures, such as deepening decentralization, strictly practicing legal procurement, and strengthening optimized supervision and management, which not only standardized procurement implementation, but also standardized procurement supervision. It not only emphasizes exercising rights according to law, but also emphasizes performing duties according to law. What impact and changes will the new regulations have on purchasers, suppliers and agencies in government procurement?

  Change 1: Define the main responsibility of the purchaser.

  Buyers need to establish and improve the internal control system of the whole process of government procurement in accordance with relevant regulations, and be their own masters. At the same time, it is necessary to establish and improve the inspection accountability mechanism. In order to better reflect the autonomy, purchasers should establish a government procurement training system and organize regular business training on government procurement policies. In addition, it is necessary to strictly prepare the government procurement budget, so that the money can be spent more clearly, and it is strictly forbidden to purchase without budget. At the same time, because the performance acceptance is an important link in government procurement activities, the purchaser needs to strengthen the performance acceptance. For government procurement projects that win the bid and have a turnover of more than 10 million yuan or are complex, inspection and testing institutions that have obtained qualifications according to law shall be invited to participate in the acceptance work.

  Change 2: "internet plus" trend is better and stronger.

  Our province should establish and improve the information disclosure mechanism covering the whole process of local government procurement. Fully disclose the key government procurement project information directly related to the procurement price and quality, such as procurement project budget, procurement documents, procurement process, review, procurement results, procurement contracts and performance acceptance. In particular, the government procurement regulatory information such as serious illegal and untrustworthy behaviors, bad behavior records, complaint handling or supervision and inspection decisions, and assessment results of procurement agencies will be fully disclosed. On the basis of punishing the illegal acts of the evaluation experts, the financial department strengthens the handling of the breach of contract of the evaluation experts, and takes the methods of suspending the evaluation, terminating the appointment, recording in bad records, etc., to form a strong supervision over the practice of the evaluation experts. At the same time, establish a reputation incentive mechanism for practicing evaluation experts.

  Change 3: the agency project must have legal identity.

  The "Several Provisions" have made clear requirements in determining the legal status of agencies and implementing various policies in actual operation. It is clear that all non-government procurement agencies shall not act as agents for government procurement. When a government procurement agency subcontracts a procurement project, it shall ensure the scientificity and rationality of subcontracting, and shall not subcontract the same procurement object, nor shall it merge different types of procurement objects into one procurement project, and then subcontract the procurement. Agencies need to fully implement the budget preparation and implementation policies and measures specifically for the procurement of small and medium-sized enterprises. For example, the implementation of small and micro enterprises (prison enterprises, welfare units for the disabled are regarded as small and micro enterprises) price deduction, energy-saving products, environmental labeling products, wireless LAN products review points and other priority procurement policies and measures.

  Change 4: Bidding is easier and the "threshold" is lower.

  The first is to streamline supplier materials. If the business license of a legal person or other organization, the identity certificate of a natural person, the tax and social security funds paid by the supplier according to law, records of major illegal acts, good business reputation, records of major credit information, etc. required by the supplier to participate in government procurement activities can be checked by means of departmental information sharing, supplier’s written commitment, credit record inquiry and social supervision, the supplier may no longer be required to provide relevant materials or certificates, and it is also prohibited to require the supplier to provide the original license. Secondly, in principle, the purchaser or procurement agency will no longer collect the deposit from the supplier, encourage the supplier to replace the deposit with the letter of guarantee, and reduce the capital occupation. The purchaser or procurement agency shall not refuse the legal letter of guarantee submitted by the supplier. (Reporter Li Yurong)

  

Hainan vegetable prices have been abnormally high for more than ten years. How many strange things have been uncovered by the shady "vegetable tyrants"

   (Liu Changlin, Wu Maohui) A vegetable wholesale market in Hainan has been the only one for 16 years, and many problems have contributed to the increase in vegetable prices. However, the competent government department can only impose a fine on this vegetable market that should have been closed down, on the grounds that "body double" cannot be found. If it is forcibly closed, the price of vegetables will be even more uncontrollable. Recently, the strange things that happened in Hainan because of high-priced dishes made people think.

  Although Hainan is known as the "South Vegetable Garden" in China, the data of the price department show that the price of vegetables in Hainan has remained at a high level in the country in recent years. Why has the abnormally high vegetable price become a local "old problem" of people’s livelihood?

  In the past 16 years, a special investigation has uncovered the shady scene of "food tyrants"

  50 yuan, which has the highest per catty of vegetables, has a minimum of more than 10 yuan; "I only eat meat during the Spring Festival, not willful, because I can’t afford to eat vegetables!" On the eve of the Spring Festival in the Year of the Monkey, the price of vegetables in Hainan soared. Hainan Province urgently set up a task force and dispatched more than 300 industrial and commercial personnel to conduct a survey on the only vegetable wholesale market in the province — — Investigation on the vegetable wholesale market in Haikou North and South.

  It is such a market, and the market share of vegetable wholesale transactions accounts for more than 75% of Hainan Province.

  It is understood that Haikou Nanbei Vegetable Wholesale Market was built and put into use in 2001. Although there are more than 300 stalls in the market, there are only 49 large stalls that can operate vegetables from other provinces, which are operated by 33 first-class wholesalers. All vegetables from other provinces operated by other vegetable operators in Hainan Island must be purchased from these stalls.

  With the deepening of the investigation by the task force, the problems in this market were uncovered one by one.

  — — Shortage of Jin and Liang. Some first-class wholesalers have weighed and priced packaging skins and vegetables together for a long time. Each box of vegetables is sold to a second-class wholesaler with an extra weight of 4-8 kilograms of ice bottles according to the price of vegetables. The cost borne by the latter for this purpose is passed on layer by layer, and finally borne by consumers.

  — — Drive up prices. According to the survey of the industrial and commercial department, since January 2016, some wholesalers have seen a significant increase in net profit rate in the process of operating vegetable wholesale, compared with the average profit in 2015, and the operating cost has not changed significantly, and some have actually increased by more than 27 times in a single day, which has constituted an illegal act of driving up prices.

  — — Restrict competition. Internally, the market’s promoters limited the vegetable varieties operated by each stall by signing a lease contract, defined the business scope, restricted the competition between them and solidified the interest community. Externally, the market squeezed out competitors by unfair means.

  — — Illegal charges. Since June 2015, market start-up companies have taken advantage of their dominant market share, and without the approval of relevant functional departments, they are required to uniformly register and license tricycles entering the market and collect management fees, including 250 yuan for each human tricycles and 400 yuan for each electric tricycle.

  — — Financial chaos. In the course of operation, the financial management of market-started companies is chaotic, and the operating income and expenditure are not recorded truthfully according to law. For 16 years, market promoters and wholesalers at all levels have not established standard ledgers. All fund transactions between wholesalers and between wholesalers and market promoters are directly packaged and paid in cash, and are not recorded. State subsidies and various charging items for various stalls in the market have not been recorded.

  In view of the problems existing in the vegetable wholesale market in North and South China, the industrial and commercial departments claimed that "the management of the vegetable wholesale market was chaotic, which increased the burden on wholesale retailers and became one of the important reasons for the increase in vegetable prices", and on the eve of "March 15th", the market promoters and 33 wholesalers were fined 3,033,150 yuan and 8,282,900 yuan respectively.

  The price of vegetables leads to the "long-standing problem" of people’s livelihood, and the "South Vegetable Garden" exposes the contradiction between supply and demand.

  Hainan is known as the "South Vegetable Garden" in China, but why are there many contradictions between supply and demand in vegetables? According to the reporter’s investigation, the self-sufficiency rate of local vegetables in off-season is only about 40%, and the self-sufficiency rate in peak season is only about 60%. Secondly, due to its unique climatic conditions, the cost of leafy vegetables planting in Hainan is high, and agricultural enterprises and farmers choose to plant melons and vegetables more, and a large number of leafy vegetables need to be supplemented from outside the island. Every year, Hainan imports about 800,000 tons of vegetables from outside the island, accounting for 47% of the province’s annual vegetable consumption.

  "Local vegetables have serious seasonal and structural defects." Li Longsheng, deputy director of the Department of Commerce of Hainan Province, said that in 2012, the provincial government signed a letter of responsibility with the mayors of 18 cities (counties) in the province, and decomposed the construction target of 138,000 mu of perennial vegetable bases into cities and counties. After this goal is achieved, the self-sufficiency rate of vegetables in the island will reach 70%, but according to the actual situation, all cities and counties are not fully planted.

  From the demand point of view, the demand for vegetables by permanent residents in Hainan is basically stable. However, in the winter tourist season, tens of millions of tourists and millions of "migratory birds" flock to Hainan, which makes the demand for vegetables in Hainan increase sharply in a short period of time, resulting in large fluctuations in vegetable prices.

  From the intermediate circulation link, in addition to the wholesale link, the defect of market construction at the retail end is also an important reason for the high price of vegetables. At the end of last year, Haikou established the first state-owned public welfare vegetable basket company. Fu Mingquan, chairman of the company, said: "The spatial layout of retail outlets is unreasonable, and the inconsistency between the total number of outlets and the size of the city and population is the end problem." According to him, of the 78 farmers’ markets in Haikou, only 9 are state-owned and the rest are private.

  "On the one hand, the demand has increased greatly. On the other hand, the supply on the island is seriously insufficient. The wholesale of vegetables entering the island is monopolized by a private enterprise market. Coupled with poor supervision, can the price of vegetables be low?" Huang Lang, member of the Hainan Provincial Political Consultative Conference and secretary general of the Provincial Federation of Industry and Commerce, said.

  Investigating and dealing with enterprises can’t end, but the "tangible hand" should play a role.

  A fine of more than 10 million yuan for market promoters and stalls involved in the case can’t make things come to an end. Kai chen said that if the law is to be strictly enforced, its business license should be revoked and the stalls involved should be sealed up. However, the vegetable wholesale market in the province is the only one, and it is closed today. Where will citizens buy food tomorrow?

  "It has been almost 30 years since Hainan established a provincial special economic zone. There are many high-rise buildings and halls, but the vegetable wholesale market, which is the most basic of people’s livelihood, has been the same for many years." Kai chen, director of the Hainan Provincial Administration for Industry and Commerce, said, "Should we reflect on the problems in the construction of vegetable baskets?"

  "Heavy punishment is only the beginning of reducing the price of vegetables in Hainan". Experts believe that it is more critical to strengthen the construction of Hainan’s "vegetable basket" project, strive to expand the effective supply of the vegetable market, establish a more adequate competition mechanism in the vegetable market, and rationalize the circulation system of the vegetable market inside and outside the island.

  Li Guoxiang, a researcher at the Institute of Rural Development of China Academy of Social Sciences, believes that Hainan should not only consider setting up production bases in other provinces and directly establishing production and marketing docking channels, but also maximize and ensure production locally. Farmers themselves should grow high-quality vegetables through land circulation and scale operation, and their production and sales should be guaranteed by the government and the market.

  Li Guoxiang suggested that for basic vegetables, especially those whose demand by local residents in Hainan is relatively stable, the government should calm down the price fluctuation through market insurance, and protect farmers’ income through policy insurance.

  Zhang Kongxiang, an associate professor at the School of Politics and Public Administration of Hainan University, suggested that the vegetable issue is related to people’s livelihood. If the county magistrate responsibility system of vegetable basket city is to be implemented, it is necessary to strengthen the assessment and accountability in this regard.

  In the field of circulation, experts suggest that the public welfare market should be rationally laid out, sales outlets should be increased, and green channels for vegetables from outside the island should be opened to reduce the transportation and circulation costs of foreign vegetables. At the same time, build or transform one or two large-scale public welfare agricultural and sideline products wholesale markets led by the government, and reverse the status quo of monopoly as soon as possible. "Public welfare state-owned enterprises should bear corresponding responsibilities in this respect, especially when the contradiction between supply and demand of vegetables in the market is out of line and the price fluctuates greatly." Fu Mingquan said.

  Xinhua News Agency, Haikou, March 28th