"The country is developing healthily, the people are in good health, and we pay attention to the right place and the right time." On August 17th, a symposium on "Leading the Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases with the Thought of’ Preventing Diseases’" was held in Beijing. Many experts from all over the country gathered together to talk about how to prevent serious diseases.

In 2016, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that it is necessary to "turn the focus on treating diseases into the focus on people’s health", and stressed that we should pay attention to the prevention and control of major diseases, which is a key link to protect people’s health, strengthen comprehensive prevention and control, strengthen early screening and early detection, promote early diagnosis and treatment, and promote the transformation of disease treatment into health management. On July 15th, 2019, with the consent of the CPC Central Committee, the State Council’s Opinions on Implementing Healthy China Action was issued, which once again proposed to popularize health knowledge and strengthen the prevention and control of major diseases.

How to do well people’s health?

"To discuss the prevention and treatment system of major diseases, we must first thoroughly study the instruction psychiatry of the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader." Fang Laiying, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and vice president of China Hospital Association, has always attached great importance to the prevention and treatment of major diseases. He believes that health is first and foremost an individual behavior, and individuals should first realize the importance of health. In addition, the media should spread health knowledge scientifically, the government should also provide a legal and policy environment, build consensus, and the government should do its duty and the society should do its best to jointly promote the national health industry. In addition, Fang Laiying also suggested encouraging the whole people to have regular physical examinations and bringing them into the scope of medical insurance as soon as possible.

Without national health, there will be no overall well-off society. Health is closely related to everyone. So, how can we keep healthy? Liu Yucun, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and deputy secretary of the Party Committee of Peking University, believes that mental health should be achieved. "I divide health into three levels: the first level is structural health, that is, everywhere has to grow normally, don’t grow things, don’t get inflamed; The second level is called functional health. Chinese medicine and even acupuncture are very helpful to adjust the function and improve the functional state. But a higher level is called mental health, which depends on society. If society is unhealthy, people’s psychology is difficult to be healthy. A more important factor is family. If small families are unhealthy, individuals as family members will be more affected. " Liu Yucun also shared his secret book that although he is nearly 60 years old, he can still be handsome and heroic, that is, he insists on exercising, and at the same time pays attention to the diet and intake.

"Prevention of disease" China has a grim road ahead.

"Preventing diseases before they occur" first appeared in Huangdi Neijing, and its idea is to prevent diseases before they occur, prevent diseases from changing and recover after diseases. The World Health Organization has proposed that 1/3 of cancers can be completely prevented, 1/3 of cancers can be radically cured through early detection, and 1/3 of cancers can use existing medical measures to prolong life, alleviate pain and improve quality of life.

But in some remote places in China, 80% people still think that cancer is an incurable disease. "The key to preventing and treating diseases is to raise people’s health awareness. When I was investigating in rural areas, I saw that some villagers felt that moldy rice noodles were not serious, and they could be eaten after being cleaned in the sun. Peanuts and beans were moldy, and they could be eaten after washing. " An Ayue, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and director of anorectal department of Wangjing Hospital of Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, suggested that cancer prevention should start from the details. For example, hold knowledge lectures, popular science activities, or visit county hospitals and township health centers to popularize science in villages, and introduce preventive and treatable measures to patients during cancer screening.

Besides cancer, what about other chronic diseases? Dai Xiuying, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and chairman of Ningxia District Committee of Agricultural Workers’ Party, disclosed a set of data: there are 270 million patients with hypertension, 13 million patients with stroke, 11 million patients with coronary heart disease, and the number of patients has exceeded 110 million. There are 3.8 million new cancer cases every year, and the number of patients with chronic respiratory diseases is close to 100 million. At present, the mortality rate caused by these four major chronic diseases in China has accounted for 88% of the total mortality rate of residents, and the disease burden caused by them accounts for more than 70% of the total disease burden.

What on earth caused such a situation? Dai Xiuying believes that there are many shortcomings in the prevention and control of chronic diseases in China. The national health awareness is weak, and the awareness of the harm of major chronic diseases is insufficient; The number of prevention and control personnel of chronic diseases is insufficient and their quality is low. The level of diagnosis and treatment of chronic diseases by community doctors is not high; There is no regular and resolute monitoring and intervention on risk factors of high-risk groups and high-risk patients; Large hospitals only consider single medication for chronic diseases in the elderly, and do not provide the best diagnosis and treatment plan for patients; The prevention and control system of chronic diseases in China is incomplete, and the health department is still the mainstay.

In this regard, Dai Xiuying suggested that "the pass should move forward and start from the source." In-depth health management of high-risk people with chronic diseases, and through the health management of high-risk people with chronic diseases, "high-risk screening, targeted intervention", first identify high-risk people and give targeted intervention.

"Before the disease" China has been on the road!

In 2006, the National Health and Wellness Commission put forward the concept of screening for early diagnosis and treatment of cancer. With the support of the central financial funds, China has successively launched early diagnosis and treatment projects for rural cancers in Henan, Shandong, Shaanxi, Sichuan and other provinces, with the focus on upper and lower digestive tract cancers. Now it has developed to cover 29 provinces across the country. In the past 13 years, 2.16 million people have received free screening, among which 31,658 patients with early cancer have been found.

The importance of early screening is reflected in a series of data. Take Gansu as an example. At the beginning, the early diagnosis rate of upper and lower digestive tract cancer in Gansu was less than 30%, and now it has reached 75%. The detection rate has also increased to 2.02% now, that is, 100 people have been screened and 2~3 cancer patients can be found. When referring to the progress in these years, Liu Yuqin, deputy head of the expert group on esophageal cancer of the Expert Committee on Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer of the National Health and Wellness Commission, was very pleased.

Every time an early cancer is found, we can intervene earlier and treat it earlier, which can save a family. "cure the disease", we are on our way!

"The country is developing healthily, the people are in good health, and we pay attention to the right place and the right time." In the eyes of Liu Yucun, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and deputy secretary of the Party Committee of Peking University, health is a big topic. Only with a good social development environment, human beings should respect and care for the environment, and people should live in harmony, under these preconditions, health education should be advocated, and the whole society should make unremitting efforts to promote the healthy development of China.

　　Figure/vision china

　　Cover of colostrum basic protein CBP and bone health

　　□ Xue Qingxin

　　"A glass of milk every day makes Chinese strong" is a classic milk slogan that many people are very familiar with. Drinking milk often is good for health. All along, China has been vigorously promoting the benefits of drinking milk. I hope everyone can drink milk every day.

　　Not long ago, the 2022 edition of Dietary Guidelines for Residents in China was published. Compared with the 2016 edition of Dietary Guidelines for Residents in China, the new guidelines put special emphasis on milk intake. The original version recommended that the intake of milk and dairy products be 300g/day, but the recommended amount in the 2022 version has been increased to 300g-500g/day.

　　This change further confirms the importance of drinking milk, and also reflects the importance China attaches to drinking milk.

　　Even so, there will still be many different voices on drinking milk, and there are even people who strongly oppose drinking milk.

　　But there are still many misunderstandings about milk.

　　answer questions

　　Drinking milk has hormones, and drinking it often can lead to precocious puberty? Not really!

　　There are two sources of estrogen in milk: one is the natural estrogen contained in milk itself, which comes from the natural secretion of dairy cows during milk production; The other is artificially added estrogen, which is mainly used for infertility and cow disease treatment. Among them, the content of natural estrogen in milk is very low, which is not harmful to human body, and many common natural foods contain estrogen or estrogen-like, such as meat and bean products, and even breast milk contains estrogen, which is often higher than milk. The artificially added estrogen will of course be restricted by the state. China’s "Regulations on the Administration of Veterinary Drugs" clearly stipulates estrogen drugs, and related drugs may not be detected in animal foods. Therefore, as long as it is milk purchased by regular manufacturers, you don’t have to worry too much about estrogen.

　　In addition, there is no evidence that drinking milk will lead to precocious puberty or damage children’s health. On the contrary, many studies show that the intake of milk and its products can increase the bone density of children, adolescents and postmenopausal women, which is beneficial to the growth and development of children.

　　Adults drinking milk will not cause cancer. Studies have shown that milk and its products have nothing to do with the risks of breast cancer and prostate cancer. And drinking milk often may also reduce the risk of breast cancer by 16%, and drinking 200 grams of dairy products every day can reduce the risk of colon cancer by 7%.

　　Therefore, on the whole, as long as it is milk produced by regular manufacturers, you don’t have to worry about cancer, so drink it with confidence.

　　Milk and citrus fruits are the same? Rest assured to eat!

　　There are rumors among the people that milk and citrus fruits are alike and cannot be eaten together, because milk will denature and precipitate after encountering citric acid in oranges, which will lead to stones.

　　The truth is that when milk meets citrus fruits, precipitation may indeed occur. This is because the organic acid in the fruit breaks the acid-base balance. When the pH value just reaches the isoelectric point of protein, protein particles in milk are easily collided and condensed because of the weakened intermolecular force, and thus flocculent precipitation will occur. But these deposits are also edible, and many cheeses are produced in this way.

　　Even if you don’t eat it with fruit, milk will precipitate and solidify after encountering stomach acid. Therefore, milk and citrus fruits can be safely eaten together, without poisoning or stones.

　　Lactose intolerance: Do you want to quit milk? Actually, no!

　　Lactose intolerance is very common in China. Lactase that decomposes lactose is lacking in the intestines of these people, and discomfort will occur after drinking milk, such as abdominal distension, abdominal pain and diarrhea. But even if there is lactose intolerance, it does not mean that it is necessary to quit milk.

　　It is recommended to try the following four methods:

　　① Drink yogurt: During the fermentation of yogurt, lactose will be decomposed by microorganisms to produce lactic acid, which will reduce the lactose content and relieve the symptoms of lactose intolerance. Another study shows that increasing the intake of yogurt can improve the symptoms of lactose intolerance.

　　② Drink 0 lactose or low lactose milk: It is very suitable for lactose intolerant people to drink by using special technology to hydrolyze lactose in milk.

　　③ People who are only slightly lactose intolerant can try to improve lactose tolerance: drink 60-120g pure milk 2-3 times a day for 3 weeks after each meal, and gradually induce the intestine to enhance lactose tolerance.

　　④ Low-salt cheese: According to protein ratio, 10 grams of cheese is equivalent to 100 grams of milk.

　　Is the milk with long shelf life because of preservatives? fault

　　Many milk on the market has a shelf life of up to 6 months, so some people think that it is secretly added with preservatives.

　　In fact, there is no need to add preservatives to milk, and the shelf life depends on the sterilization method of milk.

　　The shelf life of pasteurized milk is generally short, usually 7 days, and it needs to be stored in cold storage; However, milk sterilized at ultra-high temperature instantly kills almost all microorganisms and bacteria during sterilization, so it can still be preserved for a long time without preservatives, generally up to 6 months, and can be stored at room temperature.

　　Now there are many transparent packaging bags of milk on the market, the price is relatively high, which can directly see the true color of milk and give people a very fresh feeling. Many consumers also prefer to buy this kind of milk, thinking it is more nutritious and more comfortable to drink. In fact, transparent packaging bags do not mean that milk is fresher and more nutritious. Vitamin B2 in milk is a photosensitive substance, which is unstable under light. However, milk in transparent packaging bags is often directly exposed to sunlight and light, which may increase the loss of vitamin B2 in milk.

　　However, opaque milk packaging can be stored away from light, which can better preserve the nutrition in milk.

　　remove a doubt

　　Continue to drink milk. Is a kilo a day enough?

　　Most people in our country don’t drink enough recommended milk.

　　According to the Scientific Research Report on Dietary Guidelines for Residents in China 2021, in 2015, the per capita milk intake in Chinese cities only reached 14% of the recommended amount in the 2016 edition of Dietary Guidelines, and it will be lower in rural areas. In other words, most people in China don’t drink enough milk. Milk is a good source of calcium supplement. If milk intake is insufficient for a long time, it may increase the risk of calcium deficiency.

　　Milk can not only supplement calcium, but also provide high-quality protein and vitamin B2. Lactose in milk can also promote the absorption of minerals such as calcium, iron and zinc.

　　The recommended milk intake in the 2022 edition of Dietary Guidelines for China Residents has increased to 300 -500 grams per day — — A kilo (500g) of milk a day is actually necessary. For special people with high calcium demand, it is still difficult to make up enough calcium even if they insist on drinking 300 grams of milk every day. For example, teenagers, women in the second and third trimester of pregnancy, nursing mothers and people over 50 can only supplement 321 mg of calcium if they drink 300 g of milk every day, which means they need to take 500 mg -900 mg of calcium from other foods.

　　In addition to milk, green leafy vegetables and bean products are also sources of calcium supplementation, but influenced by phytic acid and oxalic acid, the absorption rate is mostly not as good as that of milk. For example, the calcium absorption rate of tofu is only 15%; The calcium content of celery is 191 mg /100 g higher than that of milk, but the oxalic acid content is as high as 231 mg /100 g, the available calcium is only 79 mg /100 g, the leek calcium content is 105 mg /100 g, the oxalic acid content is as high as 162 mg /100 g, and the available calcium is only 34 mg /100 g. (Editor’s Note: Phytic acid can produce insoluble compounds with metal ions such as calcium, iron, magnesium and zinc; Oxalic acid can reduce the bioavailability of mineral elements, and it is easy to form calcium oxalate with calcium ions in human body, leading to kidney calculi).

　　I really don’t like drinking milk. How can I supplement my nutrition?

　　There are some people who just don’t like the taste of milk or are allergic to dairy products, so they really can’t drink milk to supplement calcium. There are also some friends who are always suspicious of milk and are unwilling to drink it. So how can these people get enough calcium?

　　For people who don’t like the taste of milk, milk and fruit can be made into milkshakes, such as strawberry milkshakes, banana milkshakes, mango milkshakes, etc., and the taste is mostly acceptable; You can also make custard and steamed bread with milk or milk powder; Yogurt and cheese are also good choices. According to protein ratio, 12.5 grams of milk powder is equivalent to 100 grams of milk.

　　For people who are allergic to milk, they can’t eat any dairy products, and they often worry about insufficient calcium intake. It is suggested to choose vegetables with high calcium content, such as rape, Chinese cabbage, radish tassel, fennel and coriander, while vegetables with high oxalic acid, such as spinach, amaranth, water spinach and celery, can be blanched before eating. Eat 300 -500 grams of vegetables every day, and the cooked vegetables are about 100 grams in size.

　　Bean products are recommended to eat at least 50 grams of soybeans, such as two fist-sized tofu or four pieces of dried tofu or 1.5 fist-sized shredded tofu.

　　In addition, calcium can also be supplemented appropriately. It is recommended to choose a small dose, preferably 100 -300 mg of calcium per tablet, which can be supplemented flexibly.

　　If you drink milk, you will get acne. What should I do?

　　Many friends actually like to drink milk, but it is helpless that when they drink milk, their faces will explode. This situation may be due to food intolerance to milk. Casein in milk can promote the secretion of insulin and IGF-1, leading to acne.

　　In particular, skim milk may be more serious than whole milk, so it is also mentioned in the China Acne Treatment Guide (2019 Revision) that if you have acne, you should pay special attention to limiting the intake of skim milk, and you can try sugar-free yogurt and low-salt cheese.

　　Some people also like to use milk as a mask, thinking that drinking milk and smearing milk can whiten the skin. In fact, this statement is unfounded. Black people also drink milk, and their skin color is still black.

　　The main ingredients of milk are water, protein, fat, calcium, etc. These ingredients have no special effect on whitening, even if you wash your face with milk every day, it will not whiten.

　　Skin color is closely related to genetic factors and environmental factors, and it cannot be changed by eating any kind of food. Drinking milk is recommended, but don’t expect whitening; As for washing your face with milk, don’t waste it again.

　　summary

　　From the point of view of calcium supplementation and disease prevention, it is necessary to have 300 -500 grams of milk every day. If you especially like to drink milk and drink more than 500 grams a day, then it is more recommended to choose low-fat milk, or reduce the intake of other oils in moderation, and avoid the total energy exceeding the standard.

　　(Source: "Science Rumors" WeChat official account)

　　interlinkage

　　Interview with Lou Wenyong, Professor of South China University of Technology;

　　If you want to supplement calcium, besides drinking milk, you should also supplement CBP.

　　Text/Yangcheng Evening News reporter Sun Lei

　　South China University of Technology Press timely published a popular science book "Basic Protein CBP in Colostrum and Bone Health", which was co-edited by Professor Lou Wenyong of South China University of Technology, Dr. Zeng Yingjie of Southwest University for Nationalities and popular science author Li Daiwei.

　　The book emphasizes that a colostrum basic protein (CBP) can directly act on bone cells, promote osteoblast proliferation, and greatly enhance the absorption and utilization of calcium. Combining with calcium, it can effectively increase human bone density and bone length of children and adolescents.

　　CBP is made from bovine colostrum through sterilization, degreasing, centrifugal separation, ultrafiltration and other processes. Scientific research shows that CBP is an active protein with a molecular weight of only 30 kDa, which can directly act on bone cells, promote the proliferation of osteoblasts and greatly enhance the absorption and utilization of calcium. Therefore, CBP can inject new energy into bone health, and this mechanism is also called "CBP bone energy".

　　It is reported that in August 2021, the College of Food Science and Engineering of South China University of Technology and Peizhi Health Center organized a "90-day CBP Bone Energy Experience Program", in which 31 subjects including faculty and staff of South China University of Technology participated in the test. The test and statistical results show that about 90% of the subjects’ bone mass has been improved or maintained in good condition, and the remarkable effect accounts for about 65%.

　　Speaking of the legend that "milk contains hormones, which are harmful to health for adults and precocious puberty for children", Lou Wenyong also said that this statement exaggerated the influence of hormones in milk on people. "Growth hormone is a kind of protein secreted by animals’ brains. Almost all animal milk contains a small amount of hormones to promote the growth of animals. Undoubtedly, as long as it is milk squeezed by healthy cows, its hormones are very low and meet safety standards, so don’t worry too much. " He said that milk is rich in nutrients such as calcium, vitamins, protein and trace amounts of bone growth factors CBP, lactoferrin, immunoglobulin, etc. It is self-evident that drinking milk for a long time is beneficial to health. "Humans have been drinking milk for thousands of years. Facts have proved that children who drink milk for a long time are generally taller than children who don’t drink milk. Adults who insist on drinking milk are also healthier. That’s why ‘ A glass of milk a day makes a nation strong ’ The statement. "

　　But he also stressed that it is impossible to effectively supplement CBP by drinking milk alone. He said that the content of CBP in ordinary milk is only 0.15% (0.015‰ ), the content in bovine colostrum is only four ten thousandths (0.4‰ ), the content is extremely low, very rare. Therefore, it is necessary to extract CBP from milk and bovine colostrum and add it to related products to realize an efficient and rapid CBP supplement method. At present, CBP can be added to nutritious food alone, and it can also be combined with other nutrients to play a better role. For example, the DKC gold combined bone energy composed of CBP, vitamin D and vitamin K2, or immunoglobulin IgG, intelligent nutrition phosphatidylserine PS, etc.

　　In addition, Lou Wenyong also suggested that developing good living habits, such as eating more foods with high calcium content, ensuring adequate sleep, getting more sunshine, and appropriately increasing exercise load, will make the effect of CBP on improving bone health more obvious.

"Lovely and charming villain" — — Huston Rockets

Special feature of 1905 film network "In order to prevent the world from being destroyed, to protect the peace of the world, to carry out the evil of love and truth, a lovely and charming villain … …” I believe that many friends like me who are in Grade 2 are familiar with the classic and magical lines in this cartoon Poké mon. It’s not easy to really be a charming villain.It can make people (within the correct scope of the three views) gnash their teeth and feel pity, which is indispensable and impressive, and can be described as the highest realm.

　Heath Ledger’s "Clown" Image

There are very few "top-level" villains who can meet the above conditions one by one, butJoker, the clown played by Heath Ledger in the film, is undoubtedly one of them..In the years since Nolan’s Batman series was deified, both the character’s own creativity and Heath Ledger’s personal performance have been analyzed in detail countless times, and it is unnecessary to repeat them: everyone is afraid of clowns, and the endless and unreasonable crimes he brings are disgusting and chilling, but his extremely tragic life makes people willing to understand his desperate resistance to fate.

Villain Jiangya

　

At present, the villain Jiangya is a bit of a clown, but he seems to be more like a combination of a clown and Batman:Pretending to be "the light of the city", because "the city needs a beam of light", he completed the "dark trial" of the evildoers in the city in his own way (murder full of ritual sense), but he also had no scruples about involving innocent people in his own murder plan.

　

A mysterious, cautious, evil and full of "sense of justice" contradiction, which is exactly what Remy, the original author of "Psychological Crime" series, wants to describe as a "different and charming" villain in the final chapter of the first season. As a person standing on the opposite side of "justice", the stories, emotions and conflicts that the villain needs to bear and express are more complicated and intense."A good villain should have a complete set of values that belong to him. This value may be absurd, but it must be convincing and may even confuse people."Remy understands the creation of villains like this.

　

Jiangya villain image is very complicated.

From the plot of "City Light of Psychological Crime", we can see the shadow of childhood domestic violence hidden in Jiangya’s heart. This victim’s identity is not only the basis of his opponent’s worship (even distorted worship), but also gives the most reasonable motivation for his birth and action after "City Light".The real world is never simply black and white. The more three-dimensional the complexity of human nature is, the more it can touch people’s hearts."Jiang Ya incarnated’ justice’ in the middle of the night. This kind of revenge (at the first time) will make people feel very Japanese, but how should we choose when we really face the law? Such a role may arouse the audience’s relatively complicated feelings towards him. " Remy said. In other words,I’m afraid this kind of complexity is our own struggle between the correctness of the three views and the deep sympathy.

Batman confronts the clown

　

The clown and Jiang Ya also introduce another important attribute of the "charming" villain — —Only above the successful villain can we see better heroes.The clown throws a dilemma multiple-choice question, which makes Batman finally understand where the just soul is after experiencing confusion and pain. The same is true of Jiangya, who uses a series of murders to stir up the high emotions of the people and also test the bottom line of the protagonist. It was the murder of an innocent little girl that made Fang Mu determined to fight to the death with the "city light" in extreme resentment and collapse.

Andrew scott plays Professor moriarty in Sherlock.

　

Tracing back to the classics, Professor moglia in the detective novel adventures of sherlock holmes can also be called such a figure. Since the publication of the original work in the 19th century, it has been adapted into numerous versions by film and television. In the most popular BBC English drama version in recent years, actor andrew scott once again gave this deadly enemy a brand-new look with a version of moriarty, which is as crazy and magical as a clown.

　

Of course, in addition to these villains who need to build on the plot to display their "charming" charm, there is also a class of villains who are relatively simple and rude. They can easily circle the powder by eating people and setting bonuses.Ill-tempered, self-willed, anyway, stories and characters give infinite space, as long as you boldly release yourself, there will be a large number of fans willing to fall for it.

Tom Hiddleston plays the evil god Loki 3.

　

The absolute leader of this kind of villains is Loki, the evil god in the series of Raytheon by MCU. When it comes to doing bad things, he can disturb the order of the universe, destroy the heaven, piss off Dad and brush his brother around. Although it’s not bad to the bone, it’s still an absolute TOP in the jerk index. As for PK’s popularity, Loki is not lost to many characters in the same universe.

　

The charm of villains like them stems from this fearless madness in their hearts.Compared with all the positive characters who have to think twice about justice and the overall situation, people like Loki can be more reckless and go their own way about their persistent things, not only for the audience who saw the movie, but also for the performers, which should be a more enjoyable experience.

Many actors have expressed their desire to challenge the villain.

　

After writing this article, I specially searched the search engine for the keywords "Want to challenge the villain role". Among more than 150,000 related results, a series of familiar actors’ names appeared, such as Lu Han, Haoran Liu, Karry, Liu Shishi, Han Geng, Jiang Jinfu, etc. They all expressed their interest in this kind of role at a certain moment. It seems that there are really many people who have been circled by the villain. On the premise that the three views are correct, we really expect to see more and more classic villains in the future and become another kind of "light" in film and television works.

　　Du fuguo

　　Qian Qihu

　　Nie Haisheng

　　Du Fuguo — —

　　Loyal mission, brave and fearless demining hero

　　"Stand back and let me come", six words clank with iron bones, blocking danger with flesh and blood, even if you are rolling in the deep. This is an award speech given to Du Fuguo by "Touching China".

　　On October 11, 2018, Du Fuguo found a heavy Grenade in the mine-clearing operation in the bazi minefield on the west side of Laoshan, Malipo County, Yunnan Province. He immediately asked his comrades in the same group to step back and go forward alone to find out the situation. Suddenly there was a loud bang and the Grenade exploded. At the moment of life and death, he subconsciously leans in the direction of his comrades, blocking the explosion shock wave and shrapnel, protecting his comrades with his body, and losing his eyes and hands forever.

　　During his 12-year military career, Du Fuguo had three important choices: the first time he joined the army and came to a border guard regiment in Yunnan. He could have been an excellent border guard all the time, but he chose to take part in mine clearance; The second time, after coming to the mine-sweeping team, the captain found that his cooking skills were good, and he intended to let him be a cook, but he chose to go to the front line to mine; The third time, when mine clearance was in distress, he chose to let his comrades back.

　　Minesweepers take the "Yin-Yang Road", pass the "Death Gate" and pull out the "Tiger’s Mouth Teeth", and they are the closest people to death in peacetime. Du Fuguo knows what this choice means again and again, but why did he turn his back?

　　The answer is written in Du Fuguo’s invitation letter. In June 2015, he wrote in the application letter submitted to the party branch of the company: "Just like when I joined the army five years ago, I was thinking about what kind of life was really meaningful and valuable. The only measure is what you have really done for your country … … I feel that this is my mission, and a voice told me: I am going to mine! "

　　In the face of life and death minefields, Du Fuguo trained hard in mine clearance skills, mastered more than 10 kinds of mine clearance methods in just three months, and got the "admission ticket" for mine clearance with excellent results. In the past three years, he has been in and out of the minefield for more than 1,000 times, removed more than 2,400 mines and explosives, and handled more than 20 dangerous situations, realizing the transformation from "guarding the border" to "all-around Raytheon".

　　After Du Fuguo was injured, his life was dying. His palms were blown off on the spot, his eyes broke, his contents overflowed, and his right eyeball fell off. The area from the root of his thigh to his face was over 90% … …

　　Being seriously injured and disabled is a heavy blow to anyone, but Du Fuguo has superhuman will, which is also a unique quality of heroes.

　　After five consecutive major operations for three days and three nights, Du Fuguo rushed out of the "ghost gate". After regaining consciousness, his first reaction was to ask his comrades how it was. The first request was: "Hurry up and cure my injury, I have to go mine!"

　　How to tell Du Fuguo the real injury? Army leaders and experts have worked out many sets of psychological intervention programs for him. However, none of these schemes are useful. Knowing the real injury, Du Fuguo was silent for a few seconds and comforted the leaders and doctors with a trembling voice: "I know, don’t worry, I will be strong! I can’t mine, but I can tell people the story of mine clearance. "

　　On July 31, 2019, the Chairman of the Supreme Leader attached a British model medal to Du Fuguo, issued a certificate and took a group photo with him. He raised his broken arm and gave a special military salute to the commander in chief. He told everyone in such a strong way that he is a soldier at any time and will run with a struggling attitude to dream.

　　Du Fuguo overcame many difficulties with amazing perseverance. Less than a month after the operation, he was helped to get out of bed and walk; In a month and a half, he set up his elbows on the hospital bed as a flat support. He wants to run, on the anti-gravity platform, a run is 10 kilometers; He wants to write, holding a special pen with his stump and practicing one stroke at a time; He wants to broadcast, starting with pronouncing words and making sounds, and learning word by word with the teaching courseware … …

　　With an optimistic attitude and tenacity of never giving up, Du Fuguo overcame the pain and disability. He can dress, wash, fold the quilt, open the door, run, walk with a blind stick and eat with a robot.

　　"rush! Go ahead, go … …” Near the finish line, at the prompt of his comrades, Du Fuguo, dressed in combat uniform, struggled to wave his broken arm and ran steadily on the playground, with crystal sweat oozing from his forehead. After crossing the finish line, he smiled happily like a child.

　　"Good evening, listeners, this is the voice of the southern land. At 8 o’clock in the evening, accompany everyone who wears camouflage … …” On March 8, 2020, a series of radio programs entitled "Rich Countries Accompany You to Read Good Books" was officially launched on the basis of the Army WeChat WeChat official account in the Southern Theater. In order to enhance the broadcast effect, Du Fuguo gave up the production mode of reading by others, rereading by himself and editing later, and insisted on memorizing the full text independently.

　　In recent years, Du Fuguo has helped Malipo County, which once fought, get rid of poverty with practical actions; As an off-campus counselor of Chongqing Special Education Center, it brings infinite light and strength to blind children.

　　Du Fuguo has been to Peking University, the Army Academy of Border and Coastal Defence and other military units for more than 30 times. Combining his own growth experience, he talked about his initial heart and feelings, told the story of strengthening the army, spread the spirit of "let me do it", and inspired more dream catchers in the new era to move forward bravely.

　　Qian Qihu — —

　　Protection engineering experts who strengthen the army through science and technology and cast shields for the country.

　　Just after attending a project appraisal meeting, Academician Qian Qihu took his suitcase and embarked on a business trip.

　　It is hard to imagine that this is the life of an 80-year-old man As the founder of modern protection engineering theory and the discipline of protection engineering, Qian Qihu was still running around like a trapeze artist when many people had already retired. This kind of life, he doesn’t feel tired, but feels "living a full life, with a sense of accomplishment and happiness".

　　"What does a person live for?" This is the first revolutionary outlook on life education that Qian Qihu received when he was studying in Harbin Institute of Military Engineering more than 60 years ago.

　　Strive for a better life and devote yourself to the dream of strengthening the country. Since joining the work, Qian Qihu has always adhered to the childlike feelings of loving the party, serving the country and strengthening the army. He has fought in the front line of projects such as deep mountains, Gobi desert and frontier islands, and made great contributions to the development of China’s protection projects. He has handed over his life answer sheet with practical actions: the needs of the country, my ideal.

　　Initial heart is the eternal brand engraved in Qian Qihu’s heart by the times. In the early 1970s, there was a loud noise in the Gobi, and a mushroom cloud … … When people cheered and celebrated, a group of researchers dressed in protective clothing quickly rushed into the nuclear explosion center to investigate the explosion site, and Qian Qihu was one of them.

　　That year, Qian Qihu was ordered to design the aircraft hangar protection door for the Air Force. In order to find out the problems existing in the original design scheme, he went to the nuclear explosion test site to investigate and study.

　　After in-depth investigation and thinking, Qian Qihu boldly decided to adopt the newly emerging finite element method, but it involves a lot of engineering structure calculation.

　　At that time, there was a shortage of large-scale computer equipment in China. In order to get the most scientific solution, he traveled back and forth in Beijing and Shanghai, using the gap between eating and sleeping with others on holidays to play "time difference" to rub equipment.

　　Two years later, when the protective door of the underground hangar with the longest span and the highest resistance in China passed the appraisal, he suffered from severe duodenal ulcer and gastric ulcer.

　　Those who dare to climb never stop. Then, while the iron is hot, he began to tackle the research problem of "the application of finite element method in engineering structure calculation". Long-term fatigue induced hemorrhoids again, but he still insisted on working for more than 12 hours a day, and he was too painful to sit down, so he wrote a monograph on the bed, which won the major scientific and technological achievement award of the National Science and Technology Conference soon after it came out.

　　"Everything in the world is mutually reinforcing, and if there is a spear, there must be a shield." At that time, China was facing severe external threats. In Qian Qihu’s view, if nuclear weapons were sharp spears against hostile military forces, then the protection project was a solid shield.

　　With the continuous updating of reconnaissance means and the emergence of high-tech weapons and precision-guided weapons, protection projects are often "unable to hide or resist" in a highly transparent battlefield, especially when the world’s military powers begin to develop precision-guided earth-penetrating bombs, which poses a great threat to protection projects.

　　“‘ Spear ’ Upgraded, our ‘ Shield ’ It is necessary to upgrade in time. " Facing the protection problems of world-class national defense projects, Qian Qihu led the team to climb the peak of science and technology, established academic theories and technical systems from shallow-buried projects to deep-buried projects, from single projects to engineering system protection, from conventional resistance to ultra-high resistance protection, formulated China’s first protection standard for civil air defense projects, and solved a series of key technical problems in nuclear and conventional weapons engineering protection. In 2019, Qian Qihu won the highest award in the field of science and technology in China — — The highest national science and technology award in 2018.

　　The great teacher is for the country and the people. As a member of the expert group of major projects in many countries, Qian Qihu has put forward practical and important consulting suggestions on the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, xiong’an new area, South-to-North Water Transfer Project, West-to-East Gas Transmission Project and underground energy storage. After retirement, he is still active in the forefront of national strategic protection project construction, actively making suggestions for the construction of sichuan-tibet railway and the demonstration of Bohai Bay subsea tunnel.

　　"A person can achieve something and show his value only by closely linking his personal ideals with the needs of the party and the country and the future and destiny of the nation." Talking about his own life course, Qian Qihu’s eyes revealed a firm belief.

　　"Leave better opportunities to young people" is Qian Qihu’s educational philosophy. In 2009, he voluntarily gave up his chance to be nominated and recommended Feng Xiating, a young scholar, as the president of the International Society of Rock Mechanics: "The world rock mechanics research center is in China, and Feng Xiating is young and capable and has dreams." In the end, Feng Xiating became the only China expert who has served as the president of the Institute so far.

　　"I have engaged in so many topics in my life, but I feel that cultivating talents is always my biggest topic." Talking about the future, Qian Qihu is full of ardent expectations for talented people.

　　For decades, a large number of outstanding talents trained in Qian Qihu have become the backbone in the field of protection engineering. In 2019, he donated all the 8 million yuan prize of the highest national science and technology award to poor students, helping them realize their dream of going to school.

　　"Although I am over 80 years old, I always feel that there are still many things to do. Create an indestructible ‘ Great underground steel wall ’ It is my lifelong pursuit, and it is also my career and happiness! " Qian Qihu said that in his lifetime, he will continue to forge a shield for his country.

　　Nie Haisheng — —

　　A heroic astronaut who is determined to serve the country and patrol space for three times.

　　In 1996, Nie Haisheng actively responded to the call of the Party and resolutely signed up for the astronaut selection. He was selected from more than 1,500 outstanding air force pilots and stood out from the crowd. In 1998, he became the first batch of astronauts in China. In the past 24 years, he has always kept in mind the initial mission of "going out to space for the motherland", always maintained the true nature of a soldier who "listens to the call and chooses", persisted in hard training and always prepared, and was ordered to back up and go out for three times, successfully completing the manned missions of Shenzhou VI, Shenzhou X and Shenzhou XII, and wrote his infinite loyalty to the party with the magnificent track of traveling in space.

　　In October, 2003, Shenzhou 5 manned mission, Nie Haisheng ranked first in the flight echelon, but missed the dream of flying. In the face of the Shenzhou VI manned mission on the agenda, he made up his mind secretly: keep working hard and never give up! Later, he devoted himself to the selection training against time. He hardly stepped out of Beijing Aerospace City, didn’t sleep before 12 o’clock at night, and stayed in the simulation cabin for seven or eight hours, even on weekends and holidays. After numerous trainings, I know thousands of data like the back of my hand, and I have mastered all flight procedures and operating rules. At the critical stage of preparing for the war, Nie Haisheng’s mother suddenly suffered from cerebral hemorrhage and coma, and organized a special permission for him to go home to visit. After only three days, he returned to training and explained the great love feelings of "I would rather be ashamed of my family than my motherland" with actions. In the individual assessment in the near future, Nie Haisheng got a rare full mark in the whole assessment, and was selected into the Shenzhou VI crew with excellent results. On October 12th, 2005, Nie Haisheng and his fellow astronauts went out in the snow and made their first battle in space, achieving a great leap from "one person for one day" to "many people for many days".

　　In 2011, Nie Haisheng was promoted to the rank of Major General. At this time, he had already won many honors, but he repeatedly cleared his achievements and hid his honors and participated in the group selection. He often said: "Flying is my profession and my mission. Both generals and soldiers are honored by their mission. As long as I can fly, I must get everything ready. " In June 2013, with excellent quality, rich experience and superb technology, Nie Haisheng was gloriously selected as the commander of the Shenzhou-10 crew, led two new comrades-in-arms to go out to space again, manually controlled the rendezvous and docking of the Shenzhou-10 manned spacecraft and the Tiangong-1 target aircraft, conducted space teaching with the astronauts in the same crew, and made young people across the country approach, understand and love space in a unique way for astronauts.

　　Returning from flying twice, my heart is always the same. As the oldest astronaut in the team, Nie Haisheng’s physiological functions are declining under normal circumstances, but he opposes the "laws of nature" with firm beliefs and extraordinary training. He participates in the same training subjects and challenges the same training difficulty as other young astronauts. He wears an underwater training suit of about 160 kilograms and practices in deep water for more than 6 hours, and bears the pressure of 8 times his own weight in a high-speed rotating centrifuge. Facial muscles are severely deformed and breathing is extremely difficult. More than 100 trainings in 8 categories focusing on the basic theory of space station, extravehicular operation and fault handling have been successfully completed, and the skeletal metabolism, cardiopulmonary and cardiovascular functions of space physiological functions have always been maintained at an excellent level.

　　In June, 2021, 57-year-old Nie Haisheng went into space for three times. Facing the situation that the space station’s mission was longer in orbit, more difficult to control and more challenges and tests, he cooperated closely with other comrades in the crew, carefully operated, successfully completed the autonomous rapid rendezvous and docking mission between the Shenzhou 12 manned spacecraft and Tianhe core module, and strictly organized two outbound activities with a total of 13 hours. In orbit, a series of key technologies of the space station, such as astronaut’s long-term stay, regeneration and life support, space material supply and on-orbit maintenance, were verified, which enabled Chinese to enter its own space station for the first time and won a major victory in the first manned mission in the construction stage of the space station.

　　Nie Haisheng made a feat of flying three times in twenty-four years, becoming the first China astronaut in orbit for 100 days, witnessing the glorious course of China’s manned space career, and fulfilling his solemn promise of "flying only with one heart and flying only with one life" with practical actions! Facing the arduous and arduous tasks in the operation stage of the space station, he firmly stated that "my initial intention is to go to space, and my mission is to successfully complete the task. As long as the motherland and the people need it, I will make all preparations without hesitation, accept the selection at any time, and go to space for the motherland."

　　(Beijing, July 31 ST)

　　People’s Daily (August 1, 2022, 05 edition)

"Free HPV vaccination for school-age women" adds another province, this time in Jiangsu, where the permanent population ranks fourth in the country in 2022.

On the evening of March 22nd, the WeChat official of Jiangsu CDC reported that in order to implement the "Healthy China 2030" strategy, promote the comprehensive prevention and treatment of cervical cancer and promote the construction of healthy Jiangsu, the Provincial Health and Wellness Commission, the Provincial Department of Education and the Provincial Women’s Federation jointly held a kick-off meeting in Nanjing on March 20th to deploy the free HPV vaccination for school-age girls in the province in 2023.

Cervical cancer is the fourth largest malignant tumor affecting women’s health in the world, and it is also the second largest female malignant tumor in China. Vaccination with human papillomavirus (HPV) is an effective means to prevent cervical cancer. According to the "Notice on Printing and Distributing the Action Plan for Accelerating the Elimination of Cervical Cancer (2023-2030)" issued by National Health Commission in January this year, by 2025, the HPV vaccination service for school-age girls will be promoted on a pilot basis; The screening rate of cervical cancer in school-age women reached 50%; The treatment rate of patients with cervical cancer and precancerous lesions reached 90%.

Since the first government-led HPV vaccine free vaccination project was launched in Ordos City three years ago, up to now, Guangdong, Hainan, Jiangxi, Fujian, Tibet and Chongqing provinces have also started or announced that they will launch a global HPV vaccine free vaccination plan.

A number of industry experts believe that since the listing of HPV vaccine in China, the vaccination amount has been increasing year by year, but there are still some problems such as limited vaccination coverage, unbalanced distribution and the market chasing high-priced vaccines. Globally, more than 70% of cervical cancer cases are related to high-risk HPV16 and HPV18 subtypes, and bivalent vaccine is just enough to effectively prevent these two infections. Because of China’s large population, the government must be careful to use the limited vaccine resources and local finance to the people who need protection most. This requires accelerating the government-led HPV vaccination program to guide the vaccine market to develop in a more benign direction.

HPV public vaccine is gradually spread out.

Last year, Wuxi, Lianyungang, Nanjing and Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, successively launched the pilot project of free HPV vaccination for school-age girls, with a total of 64,000 people vaccinated.

According to the "Work Plan for Free Vaccination of HPV Vaccine for School-age Girls" in Jiangsu Province, in 2023, at least 246,700 girls born after September 1, 2009 and in the first half of the year will be vaccinated with domestic bivalent HPV vaccine for free. In order to ensure the smooth implementation of the project, the provincial finance at all levels will invest 172 million yuan.

CBN noted that as early as last December, Jiangsu Province issued the "14th Five-Year Plan" for the development of women and children, and proposed to "encourage qualified areas to promote HPV vaccination with emphasis on girls aged 9-15".

In January this year, Jiangsu Province issued the "List of 55 livelihood facts in 13 categories to guarantee and improve people’s livelihood in 2023", and "Free HPV vaccination for school-age girls" was included, which means that the vaccination project will be promoted throughout the province.

"The project is led by the Provincial Health and Wellness Committee, and launched in the whole province in conjunction with the Provincial Department of Education and the Provincial Women’s Federation. It aims to raise the awareness of cervical cancer prevention and control and prevent and reduce the occurrence of cervical cancer through HPV vaccination." Jiangsu Provincial Health and Health Commission said.

In addition to Jiangsu, according to the work report of Hainan Provincial Government this year, "HPV vaccination for school-age women" was also included in the 10 practical matters for the people determined by the provincial party committee and the provincial government in 2023.

Official website, the People’s Government of Hainan Province, released a message in early February, further clarifying the vaccination plan: this year, the project will be implemented in 18 cities and counties in the province (except Sansha City), and in 2023, the target of vaccination will be girls aged 13-14 years and a half in the first dose, and girls who are contraindicated in vaccination or who have been vaccinated with HPV will not be included in the vaccination scope. In 2023, it is planned to vaccinate 55,800 girls, according to "0— 6 "Two-dose immunization program, complete two injections in the same year, and ensure that" all should be connected ". At the same time, the project will also vaccinate domestic bivalent HPV vaccine for school-age female soldiers in need.

Up to now, according to incomplete statistics, in less than three years, Hainan, Jiangxi, Tibet, Fujian, Jiangsu, Guangdong, Chongqing and other provinces, as well as Erdos, Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture, Qingdao, Jinan, Dezhou, Jiaozhou, Yantai, Shijiazhuang, Handan, Tangshan, Chengdu, Mianyang, Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, Zhengzhou, Ningbo and other places are promoting public HPV vaccination projects.

Looking back on the progress of HPV vaccine at public expense, in August 2020, the first government-led HPV vaccine free vaccination project in China was launched in Zhungeer Banner, Erdos City, Inner Mongolia.

Six months later, in March 2021, China launched the pilot project of healthy city innovation, and encouraged the cities participating in the pilot project to study and carry out government-led HPV vaccination according to their own conditions. Up to now, among the first batch of 15 healthy cities, 9 cities including Shenzhen, Xiamen, Chongqing, Ordos, Jinan, Chengdu and Wuxi have officially launched the HPV vaccine immunization program.

In addition to Jiangsu, among the provinces where the above-mentioned cities started the HPV vaccine immunization program, Fujian and Guangdong provinces have also expanded the coverage of the project to the whole province, while Shijiazhuang, Tangshan, Zhengzhou, Hainan, Jiangxi, Tibet and other places that are not in the above-mentioned pilot list have also announced the free vaccination of HPV vaccine in the whole region.

For example, Guangdong proposed that from 2022 to 2024, the financial plan will add about 600 million yuan for free vaccination of HPV vaccine. From 2022, free vaccination will be given to girls under the age of 14 who have a student status in Guangdong Province and have entered the first grade of junior high school since September and have not been vaccinated with HPV vaccine.

Why bivalent seedlings are key?

At present, HPV vaccine has not been included in medical insurance in China, and with the aging of vaccination in many places, the three-needle nine-valent vaccine vaccinated at one’s own expense has become a tight existence in the market. But in the eyes of the industry, if China wants to achieve the "90-mdash; 70— The goal of "90" urgently needs to promote the government-led bivalent vaccine inoculation plan.

The so-called "90— 70— 90 ",that is, 90% of girls complete HPV vaccination before the age of 15; 70% of women are screened by efficient detection methods before the age of 35 and 45; 90% of women diagnosed with cervical diseases are treated. In 2020, there will be 109,000 new cases of cervical cancer and 59,000 deaths in China, accounting for one fifth of the global total.

At present, HPV vaccines are divided into bivalent, tetravalent and nonavalent. All HPV vaccines contain VLPs (virus-like particles) for high-risk HPV types 16 and 18; Among them, the nine-valent vaccine contains VLPs against high-risk HPV31 types 31, 33, 45, 52 and 58.

According to the "Human Papillomavirus Vaccine: WHO Position Paper" updated by WHO last year, it is estimated that HPV16 and HPV18 together cause 71% of cervical cancer cases in the world. Of the remaining 29% cases of cervical cancer, 6% were caused by HPV45, 4% by HPV31, 4% by HPV33, 3% by HPV52 and 2% by HPV58.

In this document, WHO cited research that bivalent vaccine is also highly effective against HPV-16 and HPV-18-related infections and cervical lesions. "A study observed the population-based cancer registration data of women under the age of 30 and found that after the bivalent HPV vaccine was included in the national immunization program, cervical cancer could be nearly eliminated among women who were vaccinated at the age of 12-13."

Jiangsu CDC also explained why the domestic bivalent HPV vaccine was chosen for the public vaccination program: in China, about 70% of cervical cancer cases are related to the infection of two subtypes of high-risk HPV16 and HPV18. The HPV vaccination project for school-age girls uses domestic bivalent HPV vaccine, and the 9-14-year-old subjects need to be vaccinated twice, which can effectively prevent the infection of the above two subtypes and is the most cost-effective vaccine.

Du Heng, senior project officer of Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation Beijing Representative Office, believes that enterprises will make production capacity layout and arrangement according to market demand. If the government does not guide, enterprises will only pay attention to the commercial market, leaving production capacity for high-priced vaccines and people with higher ability to pay, and will not give priority to key people aged 9-15.

However, the reporter noted that the main target groups of HPV vaccination recommended by WHO include girls aged 9-14 who have not had sex. However, in Jiangsu, Hainan and other places, the age range of the first dose of HPV vaccine for school-age women included at public expense is about 13~14 years old.

For this phenomenon, Zhao Fanghui, director of the National Cancer Center and the Epidemiology Research Office of the Cancer Hospital of China Academy of Medical Sciences, conducted a comparative study of school-age women in the age group of 9-14, and found that given the limited vaccine and funding resources, it would be more beneficial to vaccinate the 14-year-old girl twice first than to vaccinate other age groups first. "The key point of optimizing the prevention and control strategy of cervical cancer in China lies in ‘ Treatment-oriented ’ To ‘ Prevention first ’ Change, increase the initial investment, and introduce vaccines in the small age group of 9-15 years old as soon as possible. "

With more provinces including bivalent HPV vaccine in the scope of public vaccination, can China’s production capacity be covered?

Chai Yan, director of management consulting at IQVIA, said that there are two companies in China that can produce HPV vaccines, each with a total production capacity of 30 million/year, but at present, the production capacity of the two companies is not full. According to the preliminary forecast, in 2023, the demand for bivalent seedlings in China will be 100 million. Theoretically speaking, if the two manufacturers make full efforts, they can meet the demand of most consumers for bivalent vaccines in recent years.

"Based on this, it is expected that after 2025, China will usher in a new stage of HPV vaccine development. By then, a number of domestic vaccines will be listed one after another, greatly improving the overall supply of HPV vaccines in China and improving the accessibility of vaccines. " Chai Yan said.

Du Heng also believes that promoting the inclusion of HPV vaccine in immunization program can fundamentally solve the problems of vaccine quality, supply and price. Government-led vaccine public market can make enterprises have a stable source of bulk orders, and then have the confidence to expand production capacity. In order to ensure large-scale production and supply, they are more willing to invest more R&D and human resources in quality control to improve product efficiency. The government and people can also benefit from this and get high-quality and low-cost cervical cancer vaccine.

1905 movie network news Recently, Disney’s classic animated derivative drama "zootopia Big and Small+"released a formal Chinese preview and a large number of stills, and the drama will land on Disney+ on November 9.

There are 6 episodes of "zootopia Big and Small+",each focusing on different popular characters. In the form of a series of short films, this film goes deep into this Oscar-winning film to explore interesting stories about residents’ lives, such as Lulu, an avant-garde Arctic shrew, a leopard police officer who loves candy, a well-dressed "pirate duke", a childhood gentleman with his grandmother, Judy’s parents in his youth, and a smiling sloth lightning full of surprises.

It is reported that Zootopia is an animated film released by Disney in 2016, which tells the story of Judy Rabbit who achieved her childhood dream through her own hard work and became an animal policeman in an animal city where all animals coexist peacefully. The film was released in China on March 4, 2016. After the release, its lovely characters and interesting plots attracted a large number of fans and gained more than 1.5 billion high box office results.

　　"Why, your tears are shining, it’s because you are deeply in love, the cloud understands you, and the promise you made makes that a touch of red, and the land is scattered." On the evening of October 27th, 9 Video, which was broadcast by CCTV Record Channel at 19:02 in the evening prime time, showed the music story "Commitment" of Changchun, Jilin Province, which was selected by the large-scale all-media activity "Singing the Motherland, One Song, One City". It took the character records of famous Chinese scientists as the window, reflected the great changes of the times and showed the development and growth of China’s scientific and technological innovation.

　　Expressing the city story with music and singing the theme of serving the country with science and technology

　　A song can sing about a city’s past and future, and it can also sing about the feelings that we are used to but can’t capture.

　　The creative team of music story works said: The reason for choosing the song "Commitment" to represent Changchun is simple — — Changchun, the cradle of new China automobile production and new China film industry, is a well-known science and technology city. We try to pursue a question through the lens. Why do countless scientific and technological workers regard Changchun as their second hometown? What is the power that makes generations of scientific and technological workers dedicate their lives here? Until we entered the story of Professor Huang Danian and heard the song "Commitment", everyone seemed to have an answer in their hearts, because this land made a promise to the motherland.

　　The music story "Commitment" is based on the struggle stories of Huang Danian, Jiang Zhuying, Wang Daheng and other scientists in Changchun. It combines the song "Commitment" with narrative content, and tells the story of generations of scientists who have made one commitment after another in Baishan Blackwater for the construction of the motherland for half a century.

　　"A leaf falls, and the season is brilliant. In the melancholy frost, it lights up loneliness, and the wind picks it up. Years and fragrance float in the paper, and your outline is clear." Young students visited along the song, looking for the story behind the song. The music story works also go deep into Changchun life from the first perspective of Xie Nuoya, a freshman of grade 2019 in the College of Earth Exploration Science and Technology of Jilin University, and through the narration of song creators such as Yu Shan, songwriter Wang Bei and singer Ao Riqi Leng, lead the audience to approach the witnesses, witnesses and participants in the 70-year history of scientific and technological development in New China, and explore the stories behind the music.

　　The story evokes specific memories, and the spirit of patriotic struggle reaches the soul.

　　The unique flavor of Changchun is engraved in the bones. It is a university city, an automobile city, a sculpture city and a famous city of science, education and culture. Changchun’s urban story, urban spirit and urban dream have all become the focus of this music story. "Changchun is a science and technology city. There is no hustle and bustle in the north, Guangzhou and Shenzhen, and there are no superior conditions overseas. But it is precisely here that let our generations of science and technology workers forget their hard work, and the feelings of serving the country through science and technology continue." Yu Shan, the lyricist of Commitment, said in the film.

　　Time flies and the times are changing. The only constant is that there are always people with lofty ideals who are willing to do their best for the country, and there are always those who are willing to carry forward the burden for the nation. From Wang Daheng, Jiang Zhuying to Huang Danian, different times, the same dedication. In Changchun, a famous city of science, education and culture, generations of scientists have made solemn promises for the construction of the motherland.

　　It is no accident that generations of scientific and technological workers have taken root in Changchun and Jilin. Their indifferent temperament of fame and fortune is closely related to the spirit of the city of "tolerance and self-improvement", and the spirit of serving the country through science and technology has been passed down from generation to generation, making Changchun’s scientific research in optics, precision instruments, polymer materials, biological products, superconductivity and automobiles at the leading level in China, and making China’s development vision in related fields look farther, more accurate and clearer.

　　"Singing the Motherland, One Song, One City" is a large-scale all-media activity jointly sponsored by the State Administration of Radio and Television and the Central Radio and Television General Station, and jointly undertaken by CCTV, Love Media and IPTV sub-platforms around the country. As the sender of the music story "Commitment", China IPTV Jilin Sub-platform — — Zhang Wang, Chairman and General Manager of Jilin Radio and Television New Media Co., Ltd. said: "Singing the Motherland • "One Song, One City" activity is an innovative practice of IPTV general and sub-platforms to create original content brands, which will effectively enhance the influence and communication power of IPTV platform. "One Song, One City" shows not only a city’s folk customs, humanistic feelings and creative stories behind songs, but also the voice of an era, which is a brilliant achievement since the founding of New China 70 years ago.

　　At 19:02 tonight, the 9 Video column of CCTV Record Channel will show the music story "I’ve come to Xiong ‘an", sing the hard-working song of builders in the new era and new area, and express people’s infinite yearning for the "city of the future", which is worth looking forward to!

　　This year’s government work report pointed out that "science popularization is widely carried out. Cultivate innovative culture, carry forward the spirit of scientists, and cultivate a good style of study. "

　　"Popular science plays an important role in helping the public to establish a scientific world outlook and methodology, improving the public’s scientific literacy and scientific judgment ability, and promoting social progress and sustainable development." On March 6th, Shan Chongxin, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and vice president of Zhengzhou University, had a clear understanding of the importance of popular science in an interview.

　　In recent years, Shan Chongxin spends a lot of time on popular science every year besides teaching and scientific research. He led the team to hold an open day for popular science in Zhengzhou University every year, which attracted tens of thousands of primary and secondary school students and their parents. He also actively organized teachers and students of the school to go to remote areas to carry out popular science propaganda and teaching activities.

　　In 2016, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out in his speech at the "Three Sessions of Science and Technology" that scientific and technological innovation and scientific popularization are the two wings to realize innovation and development, and scientific popularization should be placed in the same important position as scientific and technological innovation.

　　In Shan Chongxin’s view, compared with the wing of "scientific and technological innovation", there are still obvious shortcomings in China’s popular science work, which are highlighted by the lack of enthusiasm and initiative of scientific and technological personnel in colleges and universities to participate in popular science. A large number of scientific and technological innovation resources in colleges and universities have not played a role in promoting scientific spirit, spreading scientific ideas and advocating scientific methods. To this end, he will focus on this topic at the National People’s Congress this year.

　　"It is suggested that college teachers should be encouraged to actively participate in popular science work and guide young people to establish the ideal of scientific and technological innovation from an early age." Shan Chongxin said that it is the duty of science and technology educators to carry out popular science work. Teachers and students in colleges and universities should be encouraged to form popular science propaganda groups to regularly show or preach popular science in remote areas, so as to guide more young people to establish the ideal of serving the country through science and technology and plant "seeds" for their future.

　　Shan Chongxin also said that organizing college students to go to remote areas for activities such as scientific research achievements display or popular science teaching can not only cultivate students’ innovative motivation, but also provide a broad stage for college students to display their talents, play their roles and experience growth, which is helpful to cultivate students’ scientific spirit and sense of social responsibility and contribute to social progress and development.

　　There are physical places such as library, school history museum and laboratory, human resources such as university professors, doctors, masters and college students, and scientific and technological conditions such as scientific research achievements and scientific research projects. Shan Chongxin told reporters that these are "scarce resources" for primary and secondary school students, especially those in remote areas. "I suggest that the university hold several open days every year to attract the public to know about the school, to stimulate the’ curiosity’ of young people, especially those in remote areas, to guide more young people to study hard with the power of example and to change their destiny through knowledge." Shan Chongxin said. (Reporter Yang Liu)

In 1980s, literature was once one of the most fashionable topics in Chinese. At that time, the fastest-selling magazine in newsstands was Dangdai, People’s Literature and Novel Monthly. If you haven’t read "Avant-garde" and "Vague School", you may be embarrassed to say hello to others.

Nowadays, in the fast-paced traffic era, it seems that there are fewer and fewer people who can calm down and read a literary work. So is there still a "shelter" for literature in our daily life? Recently, the second season of the humanistic documentary "Everyday Literature" jointly produced by Southeast Satellite TV, Channel Satellite TV and Youku Video answered this question in an ingenious way. The program enters the writers’ daily life, shows their rich and interesting spiritual world, and makes the public feel the charm of literature enough to illuminate their daily life again.

"De-streaming" writers’ lineup

The second season of Everyday Literature, which returned after a lapse of two years, continued the pattern of the previous season, starting from the visit of friends, and reflecting the writer’s cognition and interpretation of the times and life through the two-day conversation, visit, experience and observation between writers and friends. But at the same time, the program also faces some challenges in the creation of the second season.

The primary problem faced by the creative team is to determine what kind of writers will enter Daily Literature this time. Through the program, we can easily find that compared with last season, the writers in this program seem to be more "de-streamed". Among the six writers, there are writers who have won the Mao Dun Literature Award, such as Liu Liangcheng and Li Xiuwen, and there are also representatives of the "third generation poetry" Yu Jian and representatives of the new generation writers Shuang Xuetao.

The reason why I chose to shoot these writers, director Wang Shengzhi has his own ideas: "After two seasons of programs, the criteria for choosing writers are not whether there are awards or whether they bring their own traffic. The writers I choose are all people who have seen the main works in recent years and caused me to read and think. I value their ability to dream and communicate with their hearts more."

In the film, Liu Liangcheng and Hong Qi roamed the grassland Gobi in Xinjiang, and Lu Yu shepherds, wild camels, donkeys, lizards and other creatures all stopped to say hello. When he said that "a spider’s web is a spider’s home", what the audience got from it was a writer’s philosophy of equality of all beings and integration of things and me. Yu Jian and his good friend Hu Liangcan met in Jianshui ancient city, freely entering and leaving the noisy slag street and the secret quiet house, talking about divinity and eating with a big mouth. Facing the mottled door with no details, he threw a question to the audience, that is, the meaning of details to life.

Whether it’s Liu Liangcheng, Li Xiuwen, Yu Jian, Chen Yan and other writers, all the writers invited by the program are rich in life experience and thoughtful enough. It is precisely because of this that their stories and expressions can make the audience more touched and inspire them.

Let writers roam the world

Let literature combine with life better.

On the basis of exploring the writer’s spiritual world, the new season "Daily Life of Literature" also tries a new way to oppose TV linear narration. The program allows writers and friends to walk into the environment of life, nature and the streets and lanes of the city, which makes the program more "a sense of human roaming".

From the desert Gobi to the ancient city market, writers and their friends swim in the vast world, sing songs in the pastures of Xinjiang and play guitar in the yellow sand of Dunhuang; Or wandering in the bustling fireworks world, drilling hutongs and talking to grandfathers, entering the village in the city and talking to migrant workers at home. With their roaming, the program presents a broader and richer local customs and opens up a richer life.

In Wang Shengzhi’s view, the core of roaming is encounter and improvisation, which is very different from interview. It is not only a physical space movement, but also a spiritual journey. "Roaming makes writers leave their familiar environment, and then they will meet strange people and things. When these encounters occur, they can start a topic, and this expression is from the heart."

As a matter of fact, in each nearly one-hour program, the topic of conversation is changeable, which is often the product of the team setting up the camera and letting it develop when the writer and friends are roaming. Shuangxuetao and Shi Hang wandered between the red bricks and green tiles in the ancient capital Beijing, and came across a narrow family, which reminded him of his childhood sleeping on a hot kang and his parents selling roasted sweet potatoes and being chased around the street by the urban management, and naturally talked about the understanding of "compassion": "What is compassion? It is’ I am also him’. " Li Xiuwen happened to talk with his elder sister who picked bitter vegetables in Xinglin, a wasteland in the northwest. He liked to listen to everyone talk about the triviality of daily life and said with emotion, "Life is exposed to writing, and writing is exposed to life."

Faced with a relatively unfamiliar environment, writers will improvise, express their feelings about life, and respond and rebuild this imperfect real world by watching the initial heart of literature. Just as Shi Hang’s review and Shuang Xuetao’s crazy sledding on the ice rink in Shichahai expressed in the program: "Everyday Literature is not to shape a certain height, but to deconstruct all heights and let you know what is interesting, true, good and beautiful."

"I hope that in the second season’s program, literature can be better combined with daily life and bring different things to the audience." Wang Shengzhi said. Just like in the program, Yu Jian read aloud in the vegetable market, and the old man next to him walked in front of him; Shuangxuetao is reading in a narrow alley, and the people behind him are playing billiards … In the second season of Daily Literature, the author’s reading session is placed in the daily fireworks, which actually brings literature back to its place.

Literature is never empty, it comes from the summary of writers’ life and the philosophy of life. In the second season of Daily Literature, writers and friends swam together in places closely related to literary creation, visited the market life, and skillfully linked literature with life. "In the past, many people felt that literature was far away from them. No, part of daily life was literature, and those shining and poetic existence belonged to literature. So there is daily life in literature, and there is also literature in daily life. " Wang Shengzhi said.

"Invest 20% of creative power to make leading content every year"

In recent years, from Breakfast in China, Dishes, China is so beautiful, and then to Everyday Literature, fujian media group Satellite TV Center takes food, music, literature, etc. as the entry point of creation, and refines the feelings of life from the details of daily life, creating a series of successful documentary works, showing a distinctive style and winning a good reputation.

According to Hong Lei, director of fujian media group Satellite TV Center, director of Southeast Satellite TV, and master planner of Daily Literature, at present, some works blindly cater to the market and capital, and tend to be pan-entertainment and too utilitarian, so they cannot enter the hearts of the public. Therefore, he hopes to leave a "free place" for creators. "Satellite TV Center invests at least 20% of its creative power every year to make content with leading value, and encourages to try new program forms and content themes and do it on the circle. In fact, it is very valuable that each program can at least have emotional dialogue and communication with some people. "

In an era when serious literature is declining and the public attaches too much importance to the entertainment function of literature, Everyday Literature, a documentary with a seemingly niche theme, leads the audience into the world of literature step by step in an interesting way and opens up more space for thinking and taste. In the past reading documentaries, whenever the themes of "reading" and "literature" were mentioned, they were always endowed with profound meanings and heavy concepts, which made many viewers "flinch". However, in the second season of Daily Literature, there is no literary coffee to explain the creative stories of classic works. It is not an interview with famous writers, but to let writers enter a broader world and face the difficulties of modern life through individual discovery and sentiment, thus arousing the emotional resonance of the audience.

As summarized by Hong Lei: "Everyday Literature is not just about literature, but focuses on the writer’s ability to digest life, helping the audience understand and refine life from the writer’s point of view, which is a rational thinking about real life and helping the audience solve their own life problems better."

Liu Liangcheng’s birthplace is a village on the edge of the Gurbantunggut Desert in Xinjiang. The writing of One Man’s Village stems from his memories of a village that has gone far away. Li Xiuwen wrote "To the Elder in Jiangdong", using sixteen simple but extraordinary stories to write the most wordless heavy; Chen Yan took Chen Xiaoduo to visit Xibali Village in Xi ‘an. The spiritual highlights of the bottom workers are the source of his work "The Leading Role" …

"In fact, you will find that many words coincide with the images in the world. If words are the other side of meaning, then this shore is the image of our current life. " Wang Shengzhi said, "It is equally valid to put the words in the book on the hot shore, because there is a bridge between them, so everyone can naturally understand and feel, and this is the most enjoyable place to shoot this film."

"Illuminating daily life with literature and ruminating on life with thoughts" is the initial intention of creating the program "Daily Life of Literature". In the second season, the program is still full of awe of literature. Through the collision between literature and daily life, it reflects the writers’ cognition and interpretation of the times and life, and delivers thoughtful content to the audience, so that the public can glimpse the light of thought in daily life.

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, July 9th

Regulations on the supervision and administration of private investment funds

　　Chapter I General Provisions

　　Article 1 In order to standardize the business activities of private equity funds (hereinafter referred to as private equity funds), protect the legitimate rights and interests of investors and related parties, and promote the standardized and healthy development of the private equity fund industry, these Regulations are formulated in accordance with the Securities Investment Fund Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) (hereinafter referred to as the Securities Investment Fund Law), the Trust Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC), the Company Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC), the Partnership Enterprise Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) and other laws.

　　Article 2 In People’s Republic of China (PRC), if funds are raised in a private way, investment funds are set up, or companies and partnerships are established according to law for the purpose of investment activities, which shall be managed by private fund managers or general partners, and investment activities shall be conducted for the benefit of investors.

　　Article 3 The State encourages the private equity fund industry to develop in a standardized and healthy way, and give play to its functions such as serving the real economy and promoting scientific and technological innovation.

　　Engaged in private equity fund business activities, should follow the principles of voluntariness, fairness and good faith, protect the legitimate rights and interests of investors, and shall not violate laws, administrative regulations and national policies, public order and good customs, and shall not harm national interests, social public interests and the legitimate rights and interests of others.

　　Private fund managers manage and use private fund properties, private fund custodians trust private fund properties, and private fund service institutions engage in private fund services, which shall abide by laws and administrative regulations, fulfill their duties, and fulfill their obligations of honesty, trustworthiness, prudence and diligence.

　　Private equity fund practitioners shall abide by laws and administrative regulations, abide by professional ethics and codes of conduct, and receive compliance and professional ability training in accordance with regulations.

　　Article 4 Private equity fund property is independent of the inherent property of private equity fund managers and private equity fund custodians. The debt of the private equity fund property shall be borne by the private equity fund property itself, except as otherwise provided by law.

　　Investors shall distribute income and bear risks according to the fund contract, articles of association and partnership agreement (hereinafter referred to as fund contract).

　　Article 5 The supervision and management of the business activities of private equity funds shall implement the line, principles, policies and decision-making arrangements of the Party and the State. The State Council Securities Regulatory Authority shall supervise and manage the business activities of private equity funds in accordance with the laws and the regulations, and its dispatched offices shall perform their duties in accordance with the authorization.

　　If the state has other provisions on the supervision and management of private equity funds initiated or invested with a certain proportion of government funds, such provisions shall prevail.

　　Article 6 the State Council Securities Regulatory Authority shall conduct differentiated supervision and management on private fund managers according to their business types, assets under management, continuous compliance, risk control and ability to serve investors, and conduct classified supervision and management on different types of private funds such as venture capital and securities investment.

　　Chapter II Private Equity Fund Managers and Private Equity Fund Custodians

　　Article 7 The manager of a private equity fund shall be a legally established company or partnership enterprise.

　　Where the assets of a private equity fund established in the form of a partnership are managed by the general partner, the provisions of this Ordinance on the private equity fund manager shall apply to the general partner.

　　Shareholders and partners of private fund managers, as well as controlling shareholders and actual controllers of shareholders and partners, or holding or actually controlling other private fund managers, shall comply with the provisions of the State Council Securities Regulatory Authority.

　　Article 8 Under any of the following circumstances, a person shall not be a private equity fund manager, nor shall he become the controlling shareholder, actual controller or general partner of a private equity fund manager:

　　(1) The circumstances specified in Article 9 of these Regulations;

　　(2) A private fund manager whose registration has been cancelled due to the circumstances listed in Item 3, Paragraph 1, Article 14 of these Regulations, and who has not been registered for more than 3 years since the date of cancellation, or who is the controlling shareholder, actual controller or general partner of the private fund manager;

　　(3) There is a conflict of interest between the business it is engaged in and the management of private equity funds;

　　(4) There are serious bad credit records that have not been repaired.

　　Article 9 Under any of the following circumstances, a person shall not be a director, supervisor, senior manager, executive partner or appointed representative of a private equity fund manager:

　　(1) Being sentenced to punishment for committing crimes of corruption, bribery, dereliction of duty, property infringement or disrupting the order of the socialist market economy;

　　(two) in the last three years, the financial management department has imposed administrative penalties for major violations of laws and regulations;

　　(3) The directors, supervisors, factory directors, senior management personnel, executive partners or appointed representatives who are personally responsible for the bankruptcy liquidation of the company or enterprise they work for or the revocation of their business licenses due to poor management have not been more than five years since the date of the bankruptcy liquidation of the company or enterprise or the revocation of its business licenses;

　　(four) the amount of debt is large, and it is not paid off at maturity or is included in the list of people who have lost their trust;

　　(5) Employees of fund managers, fund custodians, securities and futures trading places, securities companies, securities registration and settlement institutions, futures companies and other institutions and staff of state organs who have been dismissed due to illegal acts;

　　(6) Lawyers, certified public accountants, employees of asset appraisal institutions, verification institutions and investment consulting practitioners whose practice certificates have been revoked or their qualifications have been cancelled due to illegal acts, and it has not been more than five years since the day when their practice certificates have been revoked or their qualifications have been cancelled;

　　(7) Being the legal representative, executive partner or appointed representative of a private equity fund manager whose registration has been cancelled due to the circumstances listed in Item 3 of Paragraph 1 of Article 14 of these Regulations, or being a responsible senior manager, it has not been more than 3 years since the date when the private equity fund manager was cancelled.

　　Article 10 A private fund manager shall submit the following materials to the institution entrusted by the securities regulatory authority of the State Council (hereinafter referred to as the registration and filing institution) according to law, and go through the registration formalities:

　　(a) unified social credit code;

　　(2) Articles of association or partnership agreement;

　　(3) Basic information of shareholders, actual controllers, directors, supervisors, senior management personnel, general partners, executive partners or appointed representatives, and information of relevant beneficial owners of shareholders, actual controllers and partners;

　　(four) a letter of credit commitment to ensure that the submitted materials are true, accurate and complete and abide by the provisions of supervision and administration;

　　(5) Other materials as prescribed by the the State Council Securities Regulatory Authority.

　　Where the controlling shareholder, actual controller, general partner, executive partner or appointed representative of the private equity fund manager changes, it shall go through the formalities of change registration with the registration and filing institution in accordance with the provisions.

　　The registration and filing institution shall publicize the relevant information of the registered private fund manager.

　　Without registration, no unit or individual may use the words "fund" or "fund management" or similar names for investment activities, except as otherwise provided by laws, administrative regulations and the state.

　　Article 11 A private fund manager shall perform the following duties:

　　(a) to raise funds according to law and handle the filing of private equity funds;

　　(2) Managing, keeping accounts and investing in the properties of different private equity funds under management;

　　(3) Managing and investing private equity funds in accordance with the fund contract, and establishing an effective risk control system;

　　(4) Determine the income distribution plan of private equity funds according to the fund contract, and distribute the income to investors;

　　(5) Providing investors with information related to private equity fund management business activities as agreed in the fund contract;

　　(6) Keeping records, account books, statements and other relevant materials of private equity fund property management business activities;

　　(seven) other duties stipulated by the the State Council securities regulatory authority and agreed in the fund contract.

　　Where funds are raised in a non-public way to set up an investment fund, the private fund manager shall also exercise litigation rights or conduct other legal acts in his own name for the property interests of the private fund.

　　Article 12 Shareholders, actual controllers and partners of a private equity fund manager shall not commit any of the following acts:

　　(a) false capital contribution, withdrawal of capital contribution, entrusted or accepted by others;

　　(2) interfering with the business activities of private fund managers without legal procedures such as resolutions of the shareholders’ meeting or the board of directors;

　　(3) Requiring managers of private equity funds to use the property of private equity funds to seek benefits for themselves or others and harm the interests of investors;

　　(four) other acts prohibited by laws, administrative regulations and the provisions of the the State Council securities regulatory authority.

　　Article 13 A private fund manager shall continuously meet the following requirements:

　　(1) It is in good financial condition and has working capital suitable for the business type and the scale of assets under management;

　　(2) The legal representative, executive partner or appointed representative and senior manager in charge of investment management hold a certain proportion of the equity or property share of the private fund manager in accordance with the provisions of the the State Council Securities Regulatory Authority, except as otherwise provided by the state;

　　(3) Other requirements as stipulated by the the State Council Securities Regulatory Authority.

　　Article 14 Where a private fund manager is under any of the following circumstances, the registration and filing institution shall cancel the registration of the private fund manager in time and publicize it:

　　(a) to apply for cancellation of registration;

　　(2) It is dissolved, revoked or declared bankrupt according to law;

　　(three) due to illegal fund-raising, illegal business and other major illegal acts were investigated for legal responsibility;

　　(four) the first private equity fund has not been filed within 12 months from the date of registration;

　　(5) After all the managed private equity funds are liquidated, no new private equity funds have been filed within 12 months from the date of liquidation;

　　(6) Other circumstances as stipulated by the the State Council Securities Regulatory Authority.

　　Before the registration institution cancels the registration of the private equity fund manager, it shall notify the private equity fund manager to liquidate the private equity fund property or transfer the private equity fund management responsibility to other registered private equity fund managers according to law.

　　Article 15 Unless otherwise agreed in the fund contract, the private equity fund property shall be entrusted by the private equity fund custodian. If the private equity fund property is not managed, the institutional measures and dispute settlement mechanism for ensuring the safety of private equity fund property shall be clarified.

　　Article 16 Where the private equity fund property is entrusted, the private equity fund custodian shall perform his duties according to law.

　　The custodian of a private equity fund shall establish an isolation mechanism between the custody business and other businesses according to law to ensure the independence and safety of the private equity fund property.

　　Chapter III Fund Raising and Investment Operation

　　Seventeenth private fund managers should raise funds by themselves, and may not entrust others to raise funds, except as otherwise provided by the the State Council Securities Regulatory Authority.

　　Article 18 Private equity funds shall be raised or transferred to qualified investors, and the cumulative number of investors in a single private equity fund shall not exceed the number prescribed by law. Private fund managers are not allowed to set up more than one private fund for a single financing project to break through the number limit prescribed by law; It is not allowed to reduce the standard of qualified investors by splitting and transferring the shares or income rights of private equity funds.

　　Qualified investors mentioned in the preceding paragraph refer to units and individuals that have reached the specified asset scale or income level, and have the corresponding risk identification ability and risk-taking ability, and their subscription amount is not less than the specified limit.

　　The specific standards for qualified investors shall be formulated by the the State Council Securities Regulatory Authority.

　　Nineteenth private fund managers should fully reveal the investment risks to investors, and match private fund products with different risk levels according to investors’ risk identification ability and risk-taking ability.

　　Twentieth private equity funds shall not be raised or transferred to units or individuals other than qualified investors; Not to raise or transfer to investors who hold it for others; Not through newspapers, radio stations, television stations, the Internet and other mass media, telephone, SMS, instant messaging tools, e-mail, leaflets, or lectures, reports, analysis meetings and other means to promote to unspecified objects; Not to promote it in a false, one-sided or exaggerated way; Not in the name of private equity fund custodian publicity and promotion; Investors shall not be promised that the investment principal will not be lost or the minimum income will be promised.

　　Article 21 Where a private equity fund manager uses private equity fund property for investment, he shall indicate the name of the private equity fund when opening an account in the name of the private equity fund manager, being included in the register of shareholders of the invested enterprise or holding other private equity fund property.

　　Twenty-second private fund managers shall, within 20 working days from the date of completion of private fund raising, submit the following materials to the registration and filing institution for filing:

　　(1) Fund contract;

　　(2) Custody agreement or institutional measures to ensure the property safety of private equity funds;

　　(3) Property certification documents of the private equity fund;

　　(4) Basic information of investors, subscription amount, number of fund shares held and relevant information of their beneficial owners;

　　(5) Other materials as prescribed by the the State Council Securities Regulatory Authority.

　　Private equity funds should have the scale of paid-in raised funds to ensure basic investment ability and anti-risk ability. The registration and filing institutions shall make classified publicity according to the scale of funds raised by private equity funds, and report to the the State Council Securities Regulatory Authority if the total amount of funds raised or the number of investors reaches the prescribed standards.

　　Article 23 The securities regulatory authority in the State Council shall establish and improve the monitoring mechanism for private equity funds, and conduct centralized monitoring on private equity funds and their investors’ share holdings. The specific measures shall be formulated by the securities regulatory authority in the State Council.

　　Article 24 The investment of private equity fund property includes buying and selling shares of joint stock limited companies, shares of limited liability companies, bonds, fund shares, other securities and their derivatives, and other investment targets that meet the requirements of the State Council securities regulatory authority.

　　Private equity fund property shall not be used to operate or operate capital lending, loans and other businesses in disguised form. Private fund managers shall not increase the implicit debt of the government in disguised form by asking the local people’s government to promise to buy back the principal.

　　Article 25 The investment level of private equity funds shall comply with the provisions of the financial management department of the State Council. However, private equity funds that meet the requirements stipulated by the State Council Securities Regulatory Authority and invest their main fund assets in other private equity funds are not included in the investment level.

　　The investment levels of venture capital funds and private equity funds stipulated in the second paragraph of Article 5 of these Regulations shall be stipulated by the relevant departments of the State Council.

　　Twenty-sixth private fund managers should follow the principle of professional management and employ senior managers with corresponding experience to be responsible for investment management, risk control and compliance.

　　Private fund managers should follow the principle of giving priority to investors’ interests and establish management systems such as investment declaration, registration, review and disposal of employees to prevent interest transfer and conflicts of interest.

　　Twenty-seventh private fund managers shall not entrust others to exercise their investment management responsibilities.

　　Where a private equity fund manager entrusts other institutions to provide securities investment advice services for private equity funds, the entrusted institution shall be a fund investment advisory institution as stipulated in the Securities Investment Fund Law.

　　Article 28 Private fund managers shall establish and improve the management system of related party transactions, and shall not conduct improper transactions or transfer benefits with related parties with private fund property, nor conceal them through multi-layer nesting or other means.

　　Where a private fund manager uses private fund property to conduct transactions with himself, investors, other private funds managed, private funds managed by other private fund managers controlled by his actual controller, or other entities with significant interests, he shall perform the decision-making procedures agreed in the fund contract and provide relevant information to investors and private fund custodians in a timely manner.

　　Twenty-ninth private fund managers should hire an accounting firm to audit the property of private funds in accordance with the regulations, provide the audit results to investors, and submit them to the registration and filing institutions.

　　Thirtieth private fund managers, private fund custodians and their employees shall not have the following acts:

　　(1) hotchpot his inherent property or others in the private equity fund property;

　　(2) Taking advantage of the property or position of private equity funds to seek benefits for people other than investors;

　　(3) Embezzlement and misappropriation of private equity fund property;

　　(4) disclosing undisclosed information obtained by taking advantage of his position, and using the information to engage in or express or imply others to engage in relevant securities and futures trading activities;

　　(five) other acts prohibited by laws, administrative regulations and the provisions of the the State Council securities regulatory authority.

　　Thirty-first private fund managers should provide information to investors in the process of fund raising and investment operation in accordance with the provisions of the the State Council securities regulatory authority and the fund contract.

　　Where the private equity fund property is managed, the private equity fund manager shall, in accordance with the provisions of the the State Council Securities Regulatory Authority and the custody agreement, provide the private equity fund custodian with basic information of investors, proof materials of ownership change of investment targets and other information in a timely manner.

　　Article 32 The information provided and submitted by private fund managers, private fund custodians and their employees shall be true, accurate and complete, and shall not commit any of the following acts:

　　(a) false records, misleading statements or major omissions;

　　(2) Forecasting the investment performance;

　　(three) to promise investors that the investment principal will not be lost or the minimum income will be promised;

　　(four) other acts prohibited by laws, administrative regulations and the provisions of the the State Council securities regulatory authority.

　　Thirty-third private fund managers, private fund custodians and private fund service institutions shall, in accordance with the provisions of the the State Council Securities Regulatory Authority, submit information on the investment and operation of private funds to the registration and filing institutions. Registration and filing institutions shall, according to different types of private equity funds, make provisions on the content and frequency of information submitted, and summarize and analyze the situation of private equity fund industry, and submit relevant information of private equity fund industry to the State Council securities regulatory authority.

　　The registration and filing institution shall strengthen the risk early warning, and take timely measures and report to the the State Council Securities Regulatory Authority if it finds that there may be significant risks.

　　The registration and filing institution shall keep the information specified in the first paragraph of this article confidential, and shall not provide it to the outside world unless otherwise provided by laws and administrative regulations.

　　Article 34 If the private equity fund manager fails to perform his duties normally or there are serious risks, resulting in the failure of the private equity fund to operate normally or terminate, other professional institutions agreed in the fund contract or determined by relevant regulations shall exercise the functions and powers of replacing the private equity fund manager, modifying or terminating the fund contract in advance, and organizing the liquidation of the private equity fund.

　　Chapter IV Special Provisions on Venture Capital Funds

　　Article 35 The term "venture capital fund" as mentioned in these Regulations refers to a private equity fund that meets the following conditions:

　　(a) the scope of investment is limited to unlisted enterprises, except for the untransferred part of the shares held by the fund and its allotment part after the investment enterprise is listed;

　　(2) The name of the fund contains the words "venture capital fund" or the words "engaged in venture capital activities" in the business scope of the company or partnership enterprise;

　　(3) The fund contract embodies the venture capital strategy;

　　(four) do not use leveraged financing, except as otherwise provided by the state;

　　(5) The minimum duration of the fund meets the relevant provisions of the state;

　　(6) Other conditions stipulated by the state.

　　Article 36 The state gives policy support to venture capital funds, encourages and guides them to invest in growth and innovative venture enterprises, and encourages long-term funds to invest in venture capital funds.

　　The development and reform department of the State Council is responsible for organizing the formulation of policies and measures to promote the development of venture capital funds. The State Council Securities Regulatory Authority and the State Council Development and Reform Department shall establish and improve the sharing mechanism of information and support policies, and strengthen the coordination of supervision and management policies and development policies of venture capital funds. The registration and filing institution shall timely submit the information related to venture capital funds to the securities regulatory agency of the State Council and the development and reform department of the State Council.

　　Venture capital funds that enjoy the support of national policies shall be invested in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state.

　　Article 37 The securities regulatory authority in the State Council shall conduct differentiated supervision and management of venture capital funds, which is different from other private equity funds:

　　(1) Optimize the business environment of venture capital funds and simplify the registration and filing procedures;

　　(2) Differentiate supervision and management in fund raising, investment operation, risk monitoring, on-site inspection and other aspects of venture capital funds that are legally raised, invested in compliance and operated in good faith, so as to reduce the frequency of inspection;

　　(three) to provide convenience for venture capital funds mainly engaged in long-term investment, value investment and the transformation of major scientific and technological achievements in terms of investment withdrawal.

　　Thirty-eighth registration agencies in the registration, change and other aspects of venture capital funds to implement differentiated self-discipline management different from other private equity funds.

　　Chapter V Supervision and Administration

　　Article 39 The securities regulatory authority in the State Council shall supervise and manage the business activities of private equity funds and perform the following duties according to law:

　　(1) Formulating rules and regulations on the supervision and management of private equity fund business activities;

　　(2) To supervise and manage private fund managers, private fund custodians and other institutions engaged in private fund business activities, and investigate and deal with illegal acts;

　　(three) to guide, inspect and supervise the registration and self-discipline management activities;

　　(4) Other duties as prescribed by laws and administrative regulations.

　　Fortieth the State Council Securities Regulatory Authority shall have the right to take the following measures when performing its duties according to law:

　　(1) Conducting on-site inspections on private fund managers, private fund custodians and private fund service institutions, and requiring them to submit relevant business materials;

　　(two) to enter the place where the suspected illegal act occurred to investigate and collect evidence;

　　(3) Asking the parties concerned, the units and individuals related to the investigated events and asking them to explain the matters related to the investigated events;

　　(four) to consult and copy the information such as property registration and communication records related to the investigated events;

　　(five) to consult and copy the securities trading records, registration and transfer records, financial and accounting materials and other relevant documents and materials of the parties and the units and individuals related to the investigated events; Documents and materials that may be transferred, concealed or damaged may be sealed up;

　　(six) according to the law to inquire about the parties and the account information related to the event under investigation;

　　(seven) other measures stipulated by laws and administrative regulations.

　　In order to guard against the risks of private equity funds and maintain market order, the State Council securities regulatory authorities can take measures such as ordering corrections, supervising conversations and issuing warning letters.

　　Article 41 When the the State Council securities regulatory body conducts supervision, inspection or investigation according to law, there shall be no less than two supervisors or investigators, and they shall show their law enforcement certificates, supervision, inspection, investigation notices or other law enforcement documents. Business secrets and personal privacy known in supervision, inspection or investigation shall be kept confidential according to law.

　　Units and individuals under inspection and investigation shall cooperate with the supervision, inspection or investigation conducted by the securities regulatory authority in the State Council according to law, and truthfully provide relevant documents and materials, and shall not refuse, obstruct or conceal them.

　　Forty-second the State Council Securities Regulatory Authority found that private fund managers violated laws and regulations, or their internal governance structure and risk control management did not meet the requirements, it should be ordered to make corrections within a time limit; If no correction is made within the time limit, or the behavior seriously endangers the steady operation of the private fund manager and damages the legitimate rights and interests of investors, the the State Council securities regulatory authority may take the following measures according to the circumstances:

　　(a) ordered to suspend part or all of the business;

　　(2) Ordering the replacement of directors, supervisors, senior managers, executive partners or appointing representatives, or restricting their rights;

　　(3) Ordering the responsible shareholders to transfer their shares and the responsible partners to transfer their shares of property, and restricting the responsible shareholders or partners from exercising their rights;

　　(4) Ordering the private equity fund manager to hire or designate a third party institution to audit the private equity fund property, and the relevant expenses shall be borne by the private equity fund manager.

　　Where a private fund manager operates illegally or has serious risks, which seriously jeopardizes the market order and damages the interests of investors, the the State Council Securities Regulatory Authority may, in addition to taking the measures specified in the preceding paragraph, take measures such as designating other institutions to take over the private fund manager and notifying the registration and filing institution to cancel the registration.

　　Article 43 The securities regulatory authority in the State Council shall record the credit information of private fund managers, private fund custodians, private fund service institutions and their employees in the credit database of the capital market and the national credit information sharing platform. The State Council Securities Regulatory Authority shall, jointly with relevant departments of the State Council, establish and improve the joint disciplinary system for private fund managers and relevant responsible subjects for dishonesty according to law.

　　The State Council Securities Regulatory Authority shall establish a cooperative mechanism for information sharing, statistical data submission and risk disposal of private equity fund supervision and management in conjunction with other financial management departments and other relevant departments of the State Council and the people’s governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government. In the process of dealing with risks, the relevant local people’s governments should take effective measures to maintain social stability.

　　Chapter VI Legal Liability

　　Article 44. Those who use the words "fund" or "fund management" or similar names to carry out investment activities without going through the registration formalities in accordance with Article 10 of these regulations shall be ordered to make corrections, their illegal income shall be confiscated, and a fine of more than 1 time but less than 5 times of their illegal income shall be imposed; If there is no illegal income or the illegal income is less than 1 million yuan, a fine of not less than 100,000 yuan but not more than 1 million yuan shall be imposed. Give a warning to the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel, and impose a fine of more than 30,000 yuan and less than 300,000 yuan.

　　Article 45 If the shareholders, actual controllers and partners of a private equity fund manager violate the provisions of Article 12 of these Regulations, they shall be ordered to make corrections, given a warning or informed criticism, their illegal income shall be confiscated, and they shall be fined between 1 and 5 times their illegal income; If there is no illegal income or the illegal income is less than 1 million yuan, a fine of not less than 100,000 yuan but not more than 1 million yuan shall be imposed. Give a warning or informed criticism to the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel, and impose a fine ranging from 30,000 yuan to 300,000 yuan.

　　Forty-sixth private fund managers who violate the provisions of Article thirteenth of these regulations shall be ordered to make corrections; Refuses to correct, give a warning or informed criticism, and impose a fine of more than 100,000 yuan and less than 1 million yuan, and order it to stop the business activities of private equity funds and make an announcement. Give a warning or informed criticism to the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel, and impose a fine ranging from 30,000 yuan to 300,000 yuan.

　　Article 47 If a custodian of a private equity fund fails to establish a business isolation mechanism in violation of the provisions of the second paragraph of Article 16 of these Regulations, it shall be ordered to make corrections, given a warning or informed criticism, and be fined between 50,000 yuan and 500,000 yuan. Give a warning or informed criticism to the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel, and impose a fine ranging from 30,000 yuan to 300,000 yuan.

　　Forty-eighth in violation of the provisions of Article 17, Article 18 and Article 20 of these regulations on the management and raising methods of qualified investors in private equity funds, the illegal income shall be confiscated and a fine of not less than 1 time but not more than 5 times the illegal income shall be imposed; If there is no illegal income or the illegal income is less than 1 million yuan, a fine of not less than 100,000 yuan but not more than 1 million yuan shall be imposed. Give a warning to the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel, and impose a fine of more than 30,000 yuan and less than 300,000 yuan.

　　Article 49 Anyone who, in violation of the provisions of Article 19 of these regulations, fails to fully disclose the investment risks to investors and misleads them to invest in private equity fund products that do not match their risk identification ability and risk-taking ability shall be given a warning or informed criticism, and be fined between 100,000 yuan and 300,000 yuan; If the circumstances are serious, it shall be ordered to stop the private equity fund business activities and make an announcement. Give a warning or informed criticism to the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel, and impose a fine of more than 30,000 yuan and less than 100,000 yuan.

　　Fiftieth in violation of the provisions of the first paragraph of Article 22 of these regulations, the private equity fund manager fails to put on record the raised private equity fund, and shall be fined from 100,000 yuan to 300,000 yuan. Give a warning to the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel and impose a fine of not less than 30,000 yuan but not more than 100,000 yuan.

　　Article 51 Anyone who, in violation of the provisions of the second paragraph of Article 24 of these Regulations, uses the property of private equity funds for business or disguised business such as fund lending and loans, or asks the local people’s government to promise to buy back the principal, shall be ordered to make corrections, given a warning or informed criticism, his illegal income shall be confiscated, and he shall also be fined not less than 100,000 yuan but not more than 1 million yuan. Give a warning or informed criticism to the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel, and impose a fine ranging from 30,000 yuan to 300,000 yuan.

　　Article 52 In violation of the provisions of Article 26 of these Regulations, if a private fund manager fails to employ senior managers with corresponding experience to take charge of investment management, risk control and compliance, or fails to establish a management system for employees’ investment declaration, registration, review and disposal, he shall be ordered to make corrections, be given a warning or informed criticism, and be fined not less than 100,000 yuan but not more than 1 million yuan. Give a warning or informed criticism to the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel, and impose a fine ranging from 30,000 yuan to 300,000 yuan.

　　Article 53 If a private fund manager, in violation of Article 27 of these regulations, entrusts others to perform investment management duties, or entrusts an institution that does not conform to the provisions of the Securities Investment Fund Law to provide securities investment advice services, he shall be ordered to make corrections, given a warning or informed criticism, his illegal income shall be confiscated, and he shall be fined not less than 100,000 yuan but not more than 1 million yuan. Give a warning or informed criticism to the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel, and impose a fine ranging from 30,000 yuan to 300,000 yuan.

　　Article 54 In violation of the provisions of Article 28 of these regulations, private fund managers who engage in related party transactions shall be ordered to make corrections, given a warning or informed criticism, their illegal income shall be confiscated, and a fine of not less than 100,000 yuan but not more than 1 million yuan shall be imposed. Give a warning or informed criticism to the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel, and impose a fine ranging from 30,000 yuan to 300,000 yuan.

　　Article 55 Private fund managers, private fund custodians and their employees who commit any of the acts listed in Article 30 of these Regulations shall be ordered to make corrections, given a warning or informed criticism, their illegal income shall be confiscated, and they shall be fined between 1 and 5 times of their illegal income; If there is no illegal income or the illegal income is less than 1 million yuan, a fine of not less than 100,000 yuan but not more than 1 million yuan shall be imposed. Give a warning or informed criticism to the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel, and impose a fine ranging from 30,000 yuan to 300,000 yuan.

　　Article 56 Private fund managers, private fund custodians and their employees who fail to provide and submit relevant information in accordance with the provisions of these Regulations, or commit one of the acts listed in Article 32 of these Regulations, shall be ordered to make corrections, given a warning or informed criticism, their illegal income shall be confiscated, and a fine of not less than 100,000 yuan but not more than 1 million yuan shall be imposed. Give a warning or informed criticism to the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel, and impose a fine ranging from 30,000 yuan to 300,000 yuan.

　　Article 57 If a private equity fund service institution and its employees violate the provisions of laws and administrative regulations and fail to perform their duties diligently, they shall be ordered to make corrections, be given a warning or informed criticism, and be fined between 100,000 yuan and 300,000 yuan; If the circumstances are serious, it shall be ordered to stop the private equity fund service business. Give a warning or informed criticism to the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel, and impose a fine of more than 30,000 yuan and less than 100,000 yuan.

　　Article 58 If private fund managers, private fund custodians, private fund service institutions and their employees violate these Regulations or the relevant provisions of the State Council Securities Regulatory Authority, and the circumstances are serious, the State Council Securities Regulatory Authority may take measures to prohibit the relevant responsible persons from entering the securities and futures market.

　　Refuse or hinder the the State Council securities regulatory agency and its staff from exercising their powers of supervision, inspection and investigation according to law, and the the State Council securities regulatory agency shall order them to make corrections and impose a fine of more than 100,000 yuan and less than 1 million yuan; If it constitutes a violation of public security administration, it shall be punished by the public security organ according to law; If a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law.

　　Article 59 Any staff member of the the State Council securities regulatory agency or the registration and filing agency who neglects his duty, abuses his power, engages in malpractices for personal gain or takes advantage of his position to ask for or accept other people’s property shall be punished according to law; If a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law.

　　Article 60 If anyone violates the provisions of these Regulations and the fund contract, he shall bear civil liability for compensation, pay a fine and confiscate his illegal income according to law, and his property is not enough to pay at the same time, he shall bear civil liability first.

　　Chapter VII Supplementary Provisions

　　Article 61 Measures for the administration of managers of foreign-invested private equity funds shall be formulated by the the State Council Securities Regulatory Authority in conjunction with relevant departments of the State Council in accordance with foreign investment laws, administrative regulations and these Regulations.

　　Overseas institutions may not directly raise funds from domestic investors to set up private equity funds, except as otherwise provided by the state.

　　Private fund managers shall comply with the relevant provisions of the state when conducting private fund business activities abroad.

　　Article 62 These Regulations shall come into force as of September 1, 2023.