Development of statistical work in the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs
Statistical work is an important basic work in the agricultural and rural sectors, which is not only an important content for the agricultural and rural sectors to perform their duties, but also an important basis for guiding agricultural production and coordinating agricultural and rural economic development. Since the founding of New China, our department has established successively around the main fields of agriculture and rural areas.23 sets of statistical investigation systems, and statistical investigation data have played an important role in comprehensively improving the timeliness and effectiveness of agricultural and rural economic operation information.
I. Basic information
Over the years, in accordance with the requirements of the National Statistics Law and the division of responsibilities among departments, the Ministry has successively established.23 sets of statistical investigation systems. Has the following characteristics:
First, the investigation has a long history and many tasks.From the early days of the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the agricultural statistical report system was still in the experimental stage, and the Ministry of Agriculture was responsible for the statistics of agriculture, animal husbandry and fishery production and agricultural mechanization management.1949 and1950In 2000, the investigation items such as the Statistical Report System of Agricultural Mechanization Management and the Comprehensive Agricultural Statistical Report System were established respectively.twentycentury50During the period of agricultural cooperation in the 1990 s, rural management statistics were established.1952After the establishment of the National Bureau of Statistics in, the statistical report system was developed and implemented by the agricultural department and the statistical department.“Jointly formulate, jointly arrange, jointly summarize and report separately."The principle of. The establishment of agricultural statistical report system and index system in this period laid the foundation for the division of labor and cooperation between agricultural departments and statistical departments. With the rapid development of agriculture and rural economy and the continuous improvement of agricultural statistical report system, most professional statistical surveys were established in the last century.80Age. The price report system of major agricultural products and agricultural means of production, the cost survey of agricultural products, the national statistical report system of rural renewable energy, the national statistical report system of basic data of agricultural and rural economy in counties, and the national statistical report system of personnel and labor in state-owned units of agricultural system are all established in80Age. In accordance with the requirements of establishing a socialist market economic system,1994Since, the Ministry of Agriculture has strengthened the statistics of agricultural market information, and the comprehensive agricultural statistics work has been undertaken by the Marketing Department. After checking the survey results with the survey data of the National Bureau of Statistics, the relevant agricultural statistics of the Ministry have been compiled.2008Since, our department has strengthened the centralized management of comprehensive statistics, established an important data sharing system, strengthened information release, and increased the monitoring statistics of animal husbandry.2013In, after the supervision and management function of pig slaughtering was adjusted to our department, the Statistical Report System of Pig Slaughtering and Other Livestock and Poultry, which was originally implemented by the Ministry of Commerce, was organized and implemented by our department.2018In, the Statistical Investigation System of Farmland Construction Management was established. At this point, our department has established23A statistical survey project.
Second, the scope of the investigation is wide and the content is complete.The agricultural sector survey is aimed at the vast number of farmers, agricultural enterprises and agriculture-related enterprises and departments, with the characteristics of large quantity, wide scope and long legs. The statistical investigation system of our department adopts the method of combining comprehensive investigation, sampling investigation and key investigation. From the perspective of comprehensive investigation, it covers the rural management, rural energy and agricultural mechanization management departments of all provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) and the agricultural system organs, institutions and state-owned enterprises of all provinces, prefectures, counties and townships. From the sampling survey, comprehensive agricultural statistics cover555 counties, price survey coverage302Counties and cost survey coverage323Counties, fixed observation points survey coverage357Counties360A village,23000Many farmers and herdsmen, animal husbandry survey involves760A county,5800A village, etc. From the survey content, it covers many aspects of agricultural production and management, mainly including: agricultural comprehensive statistics, production statistics (including planting, animal husbandry and fishery), production service statistics (seeds, soil fertilizers, plant protection, agricultural machinery and feed), market price statistics (prices of main agricultural products and agricultural means of production, prices of livestock and poultry products and feed, and prices of aquatic products), rural management, cost and benefit of agricultural products, land reclamation, and so on.
Third, the frequency of investigation is high and there are many varieties.There are many kinds of agricultural products in China, and the seasonal and regional differences are great, so it is urgent to use staged and progressive data as the basis for decision-making. In recent years, the production of some agricultural products in China has fluctuated greatly, and the prices fluctuated sharply. Producers generally complained that they could not get enough information before making decisions. As the national agricultural production management department, it is an important basis and necessary premise for scientifically judging the situation, supporting decision-making, guiding production and guiding the market to timely grasp the intended planting area, sowing progress, seedling growth and yield prediction of crops by region and variety, and important livestock and poultry slaughter industry monitoring and agricultural product market information. The investigation frequency of Monthly Calendar of Agricultural Situation Dispatching and System of Comprehensive Agricultural Statistics Report forms keeps a close eye on the important agricultural time, monitors the planting area and yield of scheduled crops, the progress of spring sowing, summer harvest and autumn and winter planting, and timely reflects the agricultural production in different periods.
Second, the development of statistical work
Our department has always attached great importance to agricultural statistics. In accordance with the requirements of establishing a modern service-oriented agricultural statistics system, combined with the actual situation in agriculture and rural areas, we have steadily promoted the reform and innovation of statistical work, constantly improved statistical investigation projects, implemented funds and personnel protection, strengthened personnel training, and made positive progress in the implementation of statistical investigation projects.
(a) to carry out statistical investigations in accordance with the law.The first is to carry out statistical investigations according to law. According to the relevant provisions of the Statistics Law of the People’s Republic of China and the Measures for the Administration of Departmental Statistical Investigation Projects, the statistical report system shall be designed scientifically and reasonably, and submitted to the National Bureau of Statistics for approval or filing in time. The second is to rationally adjust the content of statistical investigation. Closely combined with the new situation of agricultural and rural development, actively absorb the opinions of grass-roots agricultural departments, scientifically adjust the contents of statistical report system, improve the interpretation of indicators, eliminate the ambiguity of interpretation, delete unreasonable or difficult statistical indicators, fundamentally put an end to data fraud and improve data quality. The third is to issue statistical investigation norms. Issued the Comprehensive Statistics Work Standard of the Ministry of Agriculture, the Price Survey Standard of the Main Agricultural Products and Agricultural Means of Production of the Ministry of Agriculture, and the Cost Survey Standard of Agricultural Products of the Ministry of Agriculture, so as to standardize the grassroots statistical investigation behavior. Organize experts to compile "Handbook of Agricultural Information Work" and "Guide Manual of Agricultural Calendar in Northeast China" to clarify the content and process of agricultural information work, so that the agricultural information work can be rule-based, standardized and orderly. The Regulations on Fishery Statistics and the Interim Measures for Assessment of Fishery Statistics were promulgated to standardize fishery statistics activities, clarify the rights and obligations of statistical agencies and statisticians, and establish a system of supervision, inspection and punishment for statistical violations.
(two) the use of modern information technology, improve the means of data submission.The first is to implement online direct reporting. depend on"JinNong project?"A multi-network direct reporting platform such as agricultural comprehensive statistical information collection system, agricultural mechanization information statistics system and soil and fertilizer information statistics system has been established to further improve the efficiency and quality of data reporting. Using animal husbandry statistical monitoring system to realize data submission.“one pole penetrating to the bottom—carry (a task/directive/etc) down to the grass-roots level"The information collected by fixed monitoring points at the grassroots level is directly reported to the central database, and cannot be changed at the provincial and municipal levels. The second is to improve the system functions. In order to speed up the construction of a sound network, efficient operation, quick response and accurate judgment of the agricultural information dispatching system, the Planting Division integrated the originalthreeA dispatching system, build a national agricultural information dispatching system, combine surface dispatching with sampling survey and fixed-point monitoring, and build a nationwide coverage.32Provincial agricultural departments and600The agricultural dispatching network of a base county, and guide all localities to improve the functions of the provincial dispatching system according to the actual situation to ensure the smooth and efficient operation of the new system. The third is to use big data and remote sensing modern information technology to improve investigation methods. Issued the "Agricultural and Rural Big Data Pilot Program", in21Provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) to carry out pigs, oranges, etc.eightPilot project of big data in the whole industrial chain of single variety of agricultural products, and explore the integrated application of big data in the agricultural field. Using satellite remote sensing technology, rice, corn, cotton and so on.fiveMonitor the growth, yield, disaster situation and soil moisture of large crops to improve the accuracy and scientificity of decision-making.
(3) Strengthen data quality audit and supervision and inspection.The first is to clarify the special person to review the data. Clear person in charge of agricultural statistics audit, establish a double check audit mechanism by statisticians and business offices, find wrong data returned for correction, and find abnormal data requires provinces to submit abnormal descriptions, and strive to truly and accurately reflect all aspects of rural management. Explore the establishment of a team of statistical experts, deploy provincial statistical backbones to form an expert team, and centrally review data. The second is to carry out cross-examination to verify the accuracy of the reported data. The third is to carry out data quality supervision. In accordance with the requirements of the Statistics Law of the People’s Republic of China and the Provisions on Fishery Statistics, the Fisheries Bureau regularly organizes the supervision and inspection of fishery statistics, focusing on the inspection of fishery statistics work security, system construction, work development and organizational discipline, ensuring that fishery statistics work is carried out according to laws and regulations, maintaining the seriousness and authority of fishery statistics data, and providing more powerful data support for the restructuring of fisheries.
(D) actively explore the "three new" statistics.With the continuous integration and development of rural primary, secondary and tertiary industries, new industries, new formats and new business models are constantly emerging.In 2015, we will study the monitoring index system of leisure fishery development.2016Establish a monitoring report for leisure fishery development in,2017In 2008, the monitoring of leisure fishery development was officially carried out, and the development of leisure fishery was structured and quantified for the first time, which provided important support for comprehensively reflecting the effectiveness of fishery transformation and upgrading and restructuring.
(5) Strengthen team building.Strengthen the professional training and work assessment of statisticians, and constantly strengthen team support. Arrange agricultural statistics training courses every year, invite experts to explain the land system reform, the collective property rights system reform, the development of family farms, and the matters needing attention in reporting, and arrange the relevant work of the annual agricultural statistics report of that year.
Third, the main results
From the implementation effect, after years of construction and continuous improvement, agricultural statistics has achieved positive results, service products have been continuously enriched and service capabilities have been continuously improved.
One isStatistical products such as Brief Introduction of Agriculture and Rural Economy in China, Data Manual, Summary of Agricultural Statistics and China Agricultural Statistics are compiled every year to provide various data service products for leaders’ decision-making, industries and the whole agricultural system.
The second isAgro-economic statistics Various analysis reports based on national rural land circulation, moderate scale management, collective property rights system reform and other statistical data have become an important reference for the innovation of agricultural and rural management system and mechanism, and have played an important role in the decision-making of the central government and leaders at all levels.
The third isThe construction of animal husbandry monitoring and early warning system has been continuously promoted, with monthly reports on production, weekly reports on prices, daily reports on emergencies, trends in the future, information on information and external voices.
The fourth isFishery has formed statistical products such as statistical yearbook, statistical bulletin, monthly statistical report, quarterly report and annual analysis report.In 2010, China Fishery Statistics Yearbook was published for the first time, and the service target of fishery statistics expanded the whole society.
The fifth isThe planting industry should strengthen the scheduling analysis of summer grain, early rice, autumn grain, cash crops and the annual planting production situation, and make a situation judgment as soon as possible. In key agricultural seasons such as spring sowing, summer harvest in summer sowing, autumn harvest and autumn planting, timely dispatch and reflect production dynamic information such as sowing, harvest progress, crop growth, disaster situation and yield forecast.
Six isInformation release has been further strengthened. Improve the information release mechanism, and continue to release authoritative information on agricultural products market through seamless docking every day, week, month and quarter to further improve the quality and effect of information services. Daily release"wholesale price of agricultural products200index", release the wholesale market prices of fresh agricultural products and the prices of international bulk agricultural products; Release corn, soybean, cotton, edible vegetable oil and sugar every month.fiveBalance table of supply and demand of varieties and rice, wheat, corn, soybean, pig, etc.19Monthly report on the analysis of supply and demand situation of three varieties; Hold quarterly information conferences on key agricultural products markets to interpret market hotspots and respond to social concerns; Agricultural outlook, China Congress is held every year, which is of great significance to the current year and the future.10The supply and demand situation of agricultural products market in 2008 is prospected.