Light hybrid, petrol-electric hybrid, plug-in hybrid, extended-range hybrid … How to choose a hybrid car?
In the car camp, hybrid cars have both the high endurance of fuel engines and the high efficiency of electric motors. With the further development of hybrid technology by car companies, more and more hybrid vehicles appear on the market. From the technical route, the hybrid is mainly divided into four categories: light hybrid, oil-electric hybrid, plug-in hybrid and extended-range hybrid. Do you know how to choose so many types of hybrid cars?
Mild hybrid
Advantages: it is more fuel-efficient than a fuel truck and does not need to be recharged.
Disadvantages: limited fuel-saving effect
It is reported that the "light hybrid" commonly known in the market is a light hybrid, which aims to improve fuel efficiency, reduce emissions and improve vehicle performance.
Different from fuel-powered vehicles, light-mixed vehicles are generally started by pure electric power without much vibration and noise; When accelerating,It can provide additional propulsion energy, thus reducing the engine burden and achieving the purpose of fuel saving; When braking, the light hybrid power system will also recover excess energy for itself.Charging to further realize energy saving and emission reduction.
Different from other hybrid vehicles, mild hybrid vehicles have no pure electric mode, because there is not enough power to propel the vehicle. At present, 48V light hybrid system is common, which can generally save 10% ~ 15% fuel when driving in cities.
For consumers, the cost of light-mixed vehicles should be considered when purchasing. The price of 48V light-mixed vehicles is higher than that of traditional fuel vehicles. Because of its more complicated internal structure, the maintenance cost is relatively higher. Consumers need to weigh the balance between purchase cost and maintenance cost. For example, many Mercedes-Benz models are all equipped with 48V light mixing system, and the new GLC is equipped with a 2.0T engine and a 48V light mixing system. The official guide price is 453,500 ~ 483,500 yuan.
In addition, under the dual requirements of environmental protection and fuel consumption, light mixing is still a technical scheme that can effectively reduce fuel consumption. The 48V light mixing system can reach the balance point between cost and fuel saving effect, so that it can meet the requirements of environmental protection emission at a lower cost.
Plug-in hybrid power
Advantages: fuel saving
Disadvantages: short battery life
Simply speaking, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles combine the advantages of traditional fuel vehicles and pure electric vehicles, and adopt two power systems, electric drive and internal combustion engine drive, which can provide power alternately. It has not only the fuel engine, transmission and transmission system of the traditional car, but also the electric motor and control circuit of the pure electric car. It can charge the vehicle through an external power supply, and has a relatively large capacity and a charging interface. When the battery is fully charged, the plug-in hybrid vehicle can only rely on the motor to drive and realize zero-emission driving. When the battery is exhausted or needs more power, it can switch to the hybrid mode and use the fuel engine to continue driving, thus greatly increasing the driving range of the vehicle.
Compared with traditional fuel vehicles, the comprehensive fuel consumption of plug-in hybrid vehicles is lower. In the hybrid mode, the fuel engine and motor work together, which improves the energy utilization efficiency and reduces the fuel consumption. such asSeal 06DM-i is equipped with DM-i plug-in hybrid system, of which there are two versions, 120 kW and 160 kW respectively. In terms of battery life, the pure battery life of Seal 06DM-i is 60 kilometers and 90 kilometers respectively, and the fuel consumption per 100 kilometers is only 3.98 liters.
It is worth noting that although plug-in hybrid vehicles are fuel-efficient and suitable for daily commuting, due to the short battery life of this model, it also means that owners need to charge every day, and it is best to have their own..
Oil-electric hybrid power
Advantages: fuel saving and no mileage anxiety.
Disadvantages: the car price is higher.
However, the gasoline-electric hybrid is easily confused with the light hybrid by consumers, because both of them can’t be charged, but can only be refueled. In fact, they are different in working mode, ignition mode, characteristics, fuel consumption and release time.
First of all, the motor power and battery capacity of light-mixed vehicles are smaller, while oil-electric hybrid vehicles have stronger performance and pure electric mode cruising range; Secondly, light-mixed vehicles still rely on fuel to drive after being started with electricity, while oil-electric hybrid vehicles can run without using internal combustion engines.
In addition, the light mixing system uses 48V battery and motor to match the fuel engine, which can be used only when the vehicle starts or under specific circumstances, which can effectively save fuel. On the other hand, the hybrid electric vehicle adds a drive motor to the fuel engine, so that the motor can assist the engine to generate more power and reduce fuel consumption. Therefore, the light hybrid system adds a small motor to the original engine of the vehicle, while the oil-electric hybrid system adds a driving motor, both of which can achieve the purpose of energy saving and emission reduction.
The reporter learned that the application time of oil-electric hybrid power system is earlier than that of light hybrid power system, and the technology development is relatively more mature. The mainstream in the market is Japanese hybrid models, such as GAC Toyota’s ninth-generation Camry, which is the benchmark model in the segmentation field. WLTC’s comprehensive fuel consumption per 100 kilometers is 4.2 liters, and it can travel more than 1,000 kilometers with a full tank of oil.
Extended range hybrid power
Advantages: reduce endurance anxiety
Disadvantages: the price is higher.
The extended-range hybrid vehicle is essentially a unique series plug-in hybrid vehicle. Based on the structure of pure electric vehicle, the extended-range hybrid vehicle adds a range extender (engine) to generate electricity through the generator, which provides power for batteries, motors and other equipment on the vehicle, but it cannot directly participate in driving the vehicle. When the battery is fully charged, the range extender rests, and the vehicle is completely driven by the battery pack to realize zero-emission driving; When the battery is low, the range extender is started to drive the vehicle by driving the motor. Some of this electricity can directly drive the motor to propel the vehicle, and the other part can charge the battery pack to ensure that the battery pack always has enough electricity. This means that the range extender is like a large mobile power supply or charging treasure, which provides a steady stream of electric energy for the battery pack. This also enables extended-range hybrid vehicles to still have a long cruising range without or without sufficient conditions.
However, due to the fuel and electric systems, extended-range hybrid vehicles are heavier than pure fuel vehicles and pure electric vehicles, which is one of the reasons why most extended-range hybrid vehicles on the market are medium and large SUVs. At the same time, because the extended-range hybrid electric vehicle has more components such as battery and motor than the pure fuel vehicle, and more components such as engine and fuel tank than the pure electric vehicle, its manufacturing cost and later maintenance cost are higher. For example, the national unified retail price of the ideal L6 equipped with a 1.5T four-cylinder range extender is 249,800 ~ 279,800 yuan; The M9 extended range Max version is 469,800 yuan, and the extended range Ultra version is 529,800 yuan.